| Forest, as the main body of land ecological system, plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining the balance of ecology and improving the quality of eco-environment. Under the background of the present global natural resources exhausted and ecological environment deteriorated, the non-commercial efficacy of forest become more and more important. However, how to evaluate rationally the benefits of non-commercial forest? How to establish a set of evaluation criteria and indicator with scientific, systematic and operational characters, and what methods should be taken? These are the very issues to study and resolve at present. Therefore, we try to do some explorative works in order to provide some information for our government to make decision in future, and to supply some basis for setting up the compensative mechanism of ecological non-commercial forest benefits.In this research, the effort is first given to analyzing and exploring the concept, connotation and character of non-commercial forest, and four characteristics of non-commercial forest are pointed out as follows: public goods, exteriority, no market price and market value and society capital. It is very important for benefit evaluation to know this.Based on analyzing the value standpoint of resources and its evolution, the value composition of non-commercial forest ecosystem is studied. The varied functions and value of non-commercial forest are composed of direct economic value, environmental value (indirect economic value) and existence value.The method system of assessing forest multiple values at home and abroad is explored, especially some new and prevalent methods, for example, Contingent valuation method (CVM) and other evaluation methods. The character and scope of these methods are elaborated, induced and analyzed.By using frequency analysis method, varied indicators from literatures have been analyzed. According to the frequency, the background character, major problems and social economic condition of non-commercial forest in different regions, those focusindicators has been chosen after analyzing, comparing. Based on this, we inquire specialists and adjust the indicators, and establish a set of indicator system with four levels, which mainly cover ecological, economic and social benefits.The market valuation method is used to value the direct economic values of Huanglong non-commercial forest (HNCF). In 2002,HNCF marketed a total value of 331.88 million yuan (RMB) extractive goods, of which 264.10 million yuan is forest land, 62.89 million yuan is timber, 4.98 million yuan of forest byproducts.In this research, shadow engineering method, substitute expense method and afforestation cost method are used to value the functions of the forest ecological system of HNCF. The valuation results reveal that the total ecological function value is 0.82269 billion yuan, of which, 0.191805 billion yuan is of water conservation, 32.626 million yuan of water purification, 47.13 million yuan of soil conservation, 0.5417 billion yuan of carbon fixation and 9.41 million yuan of 302 degradation.This research focuses on the valuation of non-use values of HNCF and its existence value in particular. In light of the principle of CVM technology, a willingness to pay-questionnaires is used for remote survey through mail service and inquiry on 870 specialists, students and common people. The feedback rate of the questionnaire is about 64.25%. About ten thousands of relevancy data are acquired, with WTP median value being 10 yuan. A series of correlation analysis tests are designed, using association table analysis and x2 test mathod to check significance. This research has also sorted the components of the non-use values of HNCF, and has found the existence values account for 80.72%, bequest values for 3.68% and option values for 13.68%.With the four provinces population of middle and lower reaches of the Yellow river as the sample of the whole population, the non-use values of HNCF is deduced as 2.4697 billion yuan, of which 1.99354 billi...
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