| At the turn of the century between the 20 th and 21 st centuries,there has been a new change in capitalism-the financialization of capitalism.This new change also means that capitalism has entered a new era,an era of debt-oriented economy with fiscal deficit and public debt as the new economic growth point.At the beginning of the21 st century,the global debt crisis began to break out frequently.How to solve the debt crisis is a difficult problem facing the world.Those current status prompted us to trace back to Marx’s theory of public debt.Although Marx did not live in the contemporary era,his exploration of the capitalist economic crisis is from the outside to the inside,summarizing and abstracting the general rules,and providing guidance in many directions for the present world.Marx’s relevant treatises on public debt are also of great value in the contemporary era.Therefore,it is very urgent and necessary to sort out Marx’s treatises on public debt and reconstruct Marx’s theory of public debt.This article is based on Marx’s relevant treatises on public debt.Through understanding the history of capitalist development,the history of economic thought and the in-depth study of Marx’s relevant classic works,it combs out the general outline of Marx’s public debt theory and systematically explains the historical generation of Marx’s public debt theory.The main part of this paper is the main content of Marx’s public debt theory: reconstruct Marx’s public debt theory from the four aspects of generation premise,operation mechanism,practical effect,and sublation path,clarify that public debt is based on the reproduction of capital as the premise,and the credit system as the intermediary,reveal the hypocrisy and exploitation of capitalist public debt,and point out that the development direction of public debt is to eliminate exploitation and become the public debt of the people.On the basis of understanding the basic content of Marx’s public debt theory,this paper aims to explore the deep logical structure and logical characteristics of Marx’s public debt theory.Based on the materialism of "national view" and the methodology of political and economic criticism,this paper reveals Marx’s premise criticism,internal criticism and overall criticism of capitalist public debt.By sorting out the logical structure of the whole theoretical system,this paper explains the logical characteristics of Marx’s public debt,which are the combination of criticism and inheritance,holistic and multi-dimensional analysis,and Theoretical and practical.The final part of this article is talking about the contemporary value of Marx’s public debt theory,which theoretically enriches and perfects Marxist fiscal theory,lays a strong foundation for the construction of Theory of Chinese Public Debts,and also has Far-reaching influences on the development of western public debt theory.In practice,it contains a criticism of contemporary capitalist public debt,points out the direction for the global debt crisis,and provides practical guidance for socialist public debt with Chinese characteristics. |
