Research On The Impact Of Financial Opening On The Operating Efficiency Of Chinese Banks Based On The Profit And Competition Of Listed Banks

China is the largest developing country in the world and the second largest economy in the world.With the deepening of opening up,accelerating the financial opening up and improving the ability of the financial system to serve the real economy are the main purposes of China’s continued financial opening up.Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the financial work conference has been emphasizing the expansion of financial opening to the outside world.Since 2019,11 measures for opening up the financial industry have been gradually implemented.The subsequent improvement of relevant systems and policies by the People’s Bank of China,the Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission,the Securities Regulatory Commission and other regulatory institutions indicates that China has entered the acceleration period of financial opening.In this context,due to the particularity of the asset liability structure of financial institutions such as the banking industry,the natural high leverage and the nature of being vulnerable to shocks in the competition,and China’s financial industry is dominated by the banking industry,it is of certain research significance and application value to study the impact of the opening of the financial industry on the bank’s operating efficiency from the banking industry’s own characteristics.This paper summarizes the research results of domestic and foreign scholars,combs the time line of China’s recent financial industry opening and its corresponding policies and measures,and then believes that the impact of financial industry opening on China’s banking operating efficiency can be divided into two stages,analyzes the characteristics and new changes of China’s banking industry in different stages of financial opening,and proposes the impact of financial industry opening on China’s banking operating efficiency from the perspective of income and competitiveness.For further empirical analysis,this paper selects financial openness as the main explanatory variable,collects the data of 31 listed banks in China from 2011 to 2021,classifies them into large state-owned banks,national joint-stock banks,and local urban commercial banks according to different types for research,and selects the appropriate panel regression model by conducting Hausman test on the data samples based on the data structure,The direction and extent of the impact of financial openness on bank income and competitiveness are obtained,and the robustness is tested respectively.The research finds that the opening of the financial industry has a significant negative impact on the earnings of China’s listed banks.Different types of banks have different degrees of impact on the earnings of financial openness.The impact on the earnings of local urban commercial banks is the largest,followed by national jointstock banks,and the impact on the earnings of state-owned large banks is the smallest;From 2011 to 2021,with the higher degree of financial openness in China,the competitiveness index of China’s listed banks will decrease and the degree of competition will become more intense.From the perspective of the degree of influence,large state-owned banks have the highest degree of influence,followed by local urban commercial banks,which have regional advantages,and national joint-stock banks have the lowest degree of influence.According to the research results,this paper proposes development strategies from both macro and micro aspects,and puts forward targeted suggestions for large state-owned banks,national joint-stock banks,and local urban commercial banks.