| The world is now undergoing profound changes in the global governance system,the global production network and supply chain layout are facing reshaping,the synergistic development of global economic integration and regional economic integration has promoted the flow and integration of innovation factors among countries and regions,and innovation resources have become the core of global competition.At the same time,the core position of global value chain trade led by internationalization,regionalized division of labor and trade in intermediate goods has become increasingly prominent,and the traditional accounting method of relying solely on the total amount of import and export trade to measure the international division of labor can hardly meet the realistic needs,and the domestic valueadded rate has gradually become the focus of research in academic circles.With the rising domestic factor costs,intensifying international competition and escalating trade frictions,China’s manufacturing industry is faced with such problems as "big but not strong,full but not excellent",insufficient independent innovation capacity and industrial structure forced to lock in the middle and low end of the value chain for a long time,which need to be solved.How to shift from traditional factor-driven to innovation-driven and use innovation policy to improve the value chain position of Chinese enterprises in the international division of labor has become a major problem to be solved under the dual pressure of weak recovery of the world economy and transformation of old and new dynamic in China.Based on this background,this paper takes the of National Innovative Cities Pilot Policy(NICPP)and the Domestic Value-Added Rate(DVAR)of firms’ exports as the entry point,sorts out the theories and literature related to innovation policy and firms’ international division of labor status,and proposes theoretical mechanisms and research hypotheses based on mathematical derivation and deductive reasoning.This research based on matched data from the Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database and the Chinese Customs Database from 2000 to 2014,the effect,transmission channels and mechanism of action of NICPP on the DVAR of firms’ exports are empirically examined and tested using the multiperiod difference-in-differences method.It is found that,(1)innovative city pilot policies significantly increase the export DVAR of enterprises in pilot cities,and the findings still hold after applying a series of robustness tests such as parallel trend test,placebo test,replacement of explanatory variables and regression models,counterfactual test,triple difference method,and instrumental variables method to deal with endogeneity;(2)Heterogeneity analysis shows that the implementation of innovative city pilot policy has a more significant effect on improving the domestic value-added rate of exports of private enterprises,medium and large scale enterprises,non-processing trade enterprises,capital-intensive industry enterprises and enterprises located in port cities;(3)Channel test shows that the implementation of innovative city pilot policy can improve green total factor energy efficiency through four channels:cost-plus effect,technology innovation effect,intermediate goods substitution effect and financing effect.(4)Mechanism analysis shows that regional marketization level,spatial agglomeration of enterprises and abundance of financial resources can positively drive the effect of NICPP on promoting DVAR of firms’ exports;(5)Further analysis shows that the increase of the DVAR of firms’exports by NICPP does not come at the expense of the depth and breadth of firms’ participation in global value chain,but more by the structural effect of inducing a shift from low value-added processing trade to high value-added ordinary trade.This paper has strong theoretical value and practical significance for China to actively respond to external shocks,further optimize its innovation policies,and promote trade development. |
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