Research On Green Technology Innovation Decision Of New Energy Vehicle Supply Chain Based On Cost Sharing Contract

The policy dividend is a key factor in promoting the rapid promotion and application of new energy vehicles,but it also causes the new energy vehicle industry to rely too much on government’s subsidies.Compared with the rapid growth of new energy vehicle sales,the technology of power battery in green design,manufacturing and other links is relatively rough,resulting in the overall green technology innovation level of power battery is insufficient,which restricts the high-quality development of new energy vehicles.Under the new situation,with the overall decline of government’s subsidies,the innovation of power battery is changed from government-driven to market-driven.On the one hand,the innovation cost and risk of power battery are rising,and the innovation willingness of power battery firms that bear all the innovation cost is insufficient.On the other hand,new car-making forces such as Internet companies enter the new energy vehicle track,the market competition becomes increasingly fierce and complex.The green technology innovation of power battery is increasingly highlighted its strategic position.Improving the green technology innovation level of power battery is of great significance for promoting the high-quality development of new energy vehicles and for firms to gain market competitive advantages.In view of this,based on the supply chain composed of a single battery firm and a single vehicle firm,this thesis builds decision-making models of green technology innovation in the supply chain of new energy vehicles under decentralized decision-making and costsharing decision-making.Combined with industry practice,this thesis introduces the marketing effort behavior and the competition and cooperation behavior between firms of the supply chain in a competitive environment,and discusses the innovative decision of supply chain members under the optimal cost sharing contract.The main research contents are as follows:(1)In a single supply chain,based on the green technology innovation ability of the battery firm,a decentralized decision-making model and a cost-sharing decisionmaking model are respectively constructed to analyze the impact of innovation ability and innovation utility on the optimal decision-making of both parties.We find that innovation ability is the internal driving force for the vehicle firm to propose costsharing contract,and the innovative utility further promotes the innovation cooperation between the two parties.Under decentralized decision-making,the vehicle firm obtains a higher sales price,but it’s profits and the level of green technology innovation in power batteries are relatively low.On the contrary,the vehicle firm can not only obtain higher profits,but also effectively stimulate green technology innovation of the battery firm under optimal cost sharing ratio,so that both parties can achieve “win-win”.(2)In a single supply chain,if the vehicle firm make marketing efforts,the utility of marketing efforts promotes the green technology innovation level of power batteries to a certain extent.The marketing effort cost is an important factor for the vehicle firm to encourage innovation.If the marketing effort cost is in a low range,choosing a costsharing contract for incentives can achieve a “win-win” situation.If the marketing effort cost is too high,although the innovation of the battery firm can be effectively stimulated under the cost-sharing contract,the profit of the vehicle firm is lower than that of the decentralized decision-making situation.(3)Expand the single supply chain in a competitive environment,a cost-sharing decision-making model is constructed in which downstream vehicle firms choose cooperation or competition when sharing green technology innovation achievements of the upstream battery firm.We find that the total cost sharing ratio and the green technology innovation level of power batteries increase with the increase of downstream market competition intensity and innovation ability.When the downstream market is less competitive,but the battery firm have strong innovation capabilities,the proportion of total cost sharing is smaller when vehicle firms compete with each other.When the competition intensity in is high,but the innovation ability of firm is insufficient,the cooperation between vehicle firms can not only stimulate the green technology innovation of the battery firm,but also obtain the maximum overall profit.(4)Considering the competition and cooperation environment of green technology innovation between two upstream battery firms,the decision-making model of incentive innovation of the downstream vehicle firm is considered.We find that the green technology innovation level of power batteries increases with the increase of innovation ability and upstream market competition intensity,while the optimal cost sharing ratio decreases with the increase of upstream market competition intensity.The innovative cooperation between battery manufacturers does not always lead to a higher proportion of cost-sharing contracts,but the vehicle firm gets the most profit.When the innovation ability is strong,the innovation competition between battery firms is more conducive to the improvement of the green technology innovation level of power batteries.