| With the rapid development of economy and society as well as the continuous advancement of urbanization and industrialization,the conflicts between production,living and ecological space have been intensifying,and the layout and optimization of land space is facing many challenges.In order to achieve the coordinated development of land and space,making overall arrangements for the “Production-Living-Ecological” space is the most and effective way.And it’s also the only way to carry out the idea of sustainable development and to promote the construction of ecological civilization.Land provides a space carrier for human beings to carry out social and economic activities,and is also the most basic production factor in economic development.Restricted by its limitation and scarcity,people need to choose suitable means to achieve the goal of intensive,efficient,and sustainable use of land resources.The structure of land use is an intuitive manifestation of social and economic development,and the change of land use form is the epitome of the transformation of social and economic structure.Since the Reform and Opening Up,the economic development level of Shaanxi Province has shown a trend of fluctuating growth,and its population and institutions,industrialization and urbanization have also shown significant phased characteristics.With the advancement of national strategies such as “The development of the western region in China” and “Guantian Economic Zone”,Shaanxi province shoulders an important mission in undertaking my country’s population and industrial transfer.By systematically interpreting the evolution process of land use form in Shaanxi province,identifying the key factors affecting the transformation of land use form is of great significance for realizing the sustainable use of regional land resources and formulating and implementing a new round of strategies.This paper takes the “Production-Living-Ecological” space as the breakthrough point,determines the dominant function of the land use type according to the subjective intention of the land user,and re-divides the land use type from the three dimensions of production,living and ecology.What’s more,this paper takes 107 county units in Shaanxi province as the main research objects,and deeply analyzes the evolution process of land use form in Shaanxi province at different stages from 1995 to 2020;method to explore the factors that significantly affect the change of different land use forms.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)In terms of quantity structure,the most important land use types in Shaanxi province are green ecological land and agricultural production land.During the study period,the land use structure has undergone great changes,which are embodied in the decline of agricultural production land and water ecological land.The industrial production,green ecological and living land also show an increase trend.Four dominant change types of land use form are the transformation of agricultural production land to green ecological land and rural living land,and the transformation of green ecological land to agricultural-and industrial-production land.The change intensity of land use form in Shaanxi shows a U-shaped evolution of "severe-slow-severe" in terms of time series and there are large differences in the change intensity of different land use types.(2)In terms of spatial structure,agricultural production land is mainly concentrated in the Guanzhong Plain,while industrial production land shows a decreasing trend from the Shanbei Plateau to the Shannan Qinba Mountains Area.The ecological land is mostly distributed in the Shannan Qinba Mountains Area and the Shanbei Plateau.The living land is mainly concentrated in the Guanzhong Plain,scattered in other areas.During the study period,the gravity center of agricultural production land and water ecological land moved to the southwest.the gravity center of industrial production land and green ecological land continued to move to the northeast.As for the gravity center of urban living land and rural living land,there are big differences in the direction of change in each period,but in general,it moves to the southeast and southwest respectively.(3)According to the analysis of the driving factors of the four main change types of land use form in the study period,it can be seen that factors such as nature,economy and policy jointly act on the changes of land use form in Shaanxi province.There are also differences in the driving effects of different factors.Based on theoretical and empirical analysis,the following suggestions can be put forward:(1)Strictly implement the farmland protection policy.We should unswervingly adhere to the basic national policy of “Cherishing and rationally using land and effectively protecting cultivated land”,and deepen the system of dynamic balance of total cultivated land and the cultivated land occupation and compensation.Local governments and relevant responsible departments should correctly interpret and reasonably implement the core concept of ecological civilization construction and,at the same time,a corresponding assessment system should also be established to restrain and supervise the behavior of those two main bodies.On this basis,strengthen farmers’ awareness and cooperation with corresponding policies.(2)Promote the healthy development of regional economy.The advancement of urbanization and industrialization and the government-led investment behavior have made the relationship between people and land more and more tense.Land finance has become the main model to promote regional economic development.The scarcity of land resources determines the inability of that model.Therefore,through the reform of the fiscal and taxation system,gradually increasing the proportion of direct tax in the tax structure,changing the housing supply structure and increasing the intensity of central transfer payments,and gradually reducing the dependence on land finance,it’s benefit to achieve the sound development of the regional economy.(3)Optimize the layout of regional land use.For agricultural production land,it is necessary to increase the intensity of land consolidation and to increase the effective cultivated land area.It is also possible to improve the degree of agricultural modernization through technological progress to further implement the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation.As for industrial production land,the relationship between its expansion and the promotion of ecological and environmental protection projects should be reasonably grasped in order to achieve overall consideration and reasonable allocation.In response to the excessive supply of urban living land in the process of land use in Shaanxi Province,the market mechanism can be adjusted or the strategy of “retreat the second and enter the third” can be implemented to promote the effective allocation of urban land resources.Regarding the hollowing out of rural area and the vacancy of homesteads,it should start from the root causes by coordinating urban and rural development,supporting rural enterprises,and promoting homestead consolidation,so as to solve the dual opposition between urban and rural development and to optimize the current land use pattern. |
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