Trade Frictions And Pollution:Taking Encountering US Anti-dumping As An Example

How to achieve a win-win situation between trade and the environment is a global problem.Since the financial crisis,due to the sluggish world economic growth and the rise of trade protectionism,the process of globalization has been hindered.In recent years,the outbreak of the Sino-US trade war and the raging spread of the COVID-19 epidemic have exacerbated the concerns of all sectors of society about the trend of de-globalization.At the same time,climate change has become a serious challenge faced by all mankind,which requires all countries in the world to work together to deal with it.According to the National Energy and Climate Think Tank(ECIU),as of November 2021,137 countries and regions have proposed "Zero Carbon " or " Carbon Neutrality " climate goals.According to WTO statistics,anti-dumping is the most frequently used trade protection method in various countries,among which the United States is the country that uses the most anti-dumping except India.This paper uses the multinational industry panel data from 1995 to 2011,and takes the US anti-dumping as an example to examine the long-term environmental effects of trade frictions on exporting countries.The research results show that:(1)After encountering trade frictions,the CO2 emissions of the corresponding industries in exporting countries are significantly reduced.The regression results for output and CO2 emission intensity show that the change in output is not significant,while the CO2 emission intensity is significantly reduced.(2)The mechanism test shows that after encountering trade frictions,the competition effect reduces the intensity of CO2 emissions by improving the energy use efficiency,the labor productivity,and reducing the unskilled employment(3)The results of heterogeneity show that the emission reduction effect is more significant in the host country with weak environmental regulation,high-pollution industries,low labor productivity industries and capital-intensive industries.Finally,this paper conducts a robustness check and the results are consistent with the benchmark regression.Under the background of China’s promotion of high-quality economic development,it is of more practical significance to coordinate the promotion of "green" and "open" development.This paper examines the impact of trade frictions represented by US anti-dumping on carbon emissions in exporting countries,and provides an empirical basis for the potential environmental benefits of international trade policies,especially whether they can play a role in addressing global climate change.At the same time,this paper will help China to coordinate the construction of a new open economy system and improve the energy green and low-carbon transformation system and mechanism,and provide important opportunities for related industries to seize development opportunities,enhance innovation capabilities,adjust trade structure and achieve high-quality trade development.