Design Of Multi-level Agricultural Insurance System And Determination Of Premium Rate

With the rapid development of China’s agricultural science and technology,China’s agricultural production mode has also changed significantly.Modern agricultural machinery and equipment are more used in agricultural planting,and the scale of new business entities has expanded significantly.China’s population and rural development determine that for a long time to come,China will present the coexistence of traditional growers and new business entities.The introduction of the party’s report on the revitalization of rural agriculture and the promotion of the main body of new-type agricultural management has also played an important role in promoting the rapid development of rural agricultural production.However,with the development of agriculture and rural areas,the problems of low coverage,insufficient guarantee and single product of agricultural insurance still exist in China,which is in contradiction with the high insurance demand of emerging business entities.In this context,as the "stabilizer" and "booster" of China’s agricultural production,agricultural insurance urgently needs to adapt to the new situation of agricultural development,meet the insurance needs of China’s agricultural "dual subject",and play a role in promoting China’s Rural Revitalization and agricultural modernization.Compared with traditional growers,new business entities have the characteristics of large-scale planting,risk concentration,serious damage,modernization of agricultural machinery and high per capita income.At present,China’s new business entities mostly focus on single crop planting,so their risks are more concentrated than small growers.High income and more concentrated risks make the insurance willingness of new business entities stronger than that of traditional growers,and pursue a higher level of risk protection.The one size fits all insurance model hinders the insurance willingness of new business entities.According to the characteristics of different business entities,taking the corn data of five places in Shandong as an example,this paper designs a multi-level agricultural insurance system to meet the insurance needs of different agricultural business entities.By combing the relevant literature of the multi-level agricultural insurance system,this paper summarizes the disadvantages of the current "one size fits all" model of agricultural insurance in China,compares and summarizes the current mainstream insurance products in China,and scientifically formulates the multi-level agricultural insurance system and carries out the multi-level agricultural insurance design in combination with the characteristics of various insurance types.In the specific insurance system,the first level is basic insurance,including materialized cost,full cost and income insurance.Among them,physical and chemical cost insurance provides the most basic risk guarantee for all agricultural growers to ensure the recovery of agricultural production after the disaster and avoid poverty caused by the disaster,so as to improve the efficiency of financial subsidies in China;According to their insurance payment ability and willingness,farmers can choose the complete cost and income insurance with higher insurance guarantee level.Basic insurance is accompanied by additional insurance.According to the characteristics of high mechanization and high investment in deep processing production of new business entities with strong insurance demand,they are guaranteed by additional insurance such as loan guarantee insurance,agricultural machinery facility insurance and agricultural product liability insurance.New business entities can choose to insure according to their own insurance needs.Through the construction of hierarchical agricultural insurance system,it meets the security needs of different agricultural business entities in China,helps agricultural development and promotes rural revitalization.The significance of this paper lies in:(1)in view of the "one size fits all" problem of China’s agricultural insurance,by combing the security needs of different agricultural business entities,combined with the current mainstream types of agricultural insurance in China,scientifically formulate insurance schemes,promote the development of China’s agricultural insurance market,help rural revitalization and achieve common prosperity.(2)The weak nature of agriculture makes it gather a lot of risks.In view of agricultural catastrophe risk,combined with China’s national conditions,this paper puts forward an agricultural catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism jointly constructed by farmers,government,insurance enterprises,capital market and other subjects.At the same time,it should also give play to the positive role of new insurance products such as insurance+futures and insurance technology.(3)By combing the relevant literature at home and abroad,it provides a theoretical basis for the design of insurance scheme.There are three types of insurance with different guarantee levels in the basic insurance to guarantee the differentiated insurance needs of agricultural "dual" subjects,and the additional insurance is designed based on combing the literature and sorting out the risk management needs in the development of new business subjects.