Research On Blockchain Based Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Technology

With the popularization of smart devices and the advancement of Internet of everything,the use of spectrum resources by wireless communication services is becoming more frequent and spectrum resources are becoming more and more scarce.It is urgent to find new solutions to solve the problems of spectrum waste and low spectrum utilization caused by traditional spectrum management methods.Dynamic Spectrum Sharing(DSS)technology is considered as a feasible solution to effectively improve the utilization of spectrum resources,which is to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency of communication networks by dynamically allocating and sharing spectrum resources through intelligent scheduling and management technology.However,spectrum sharing has problems such as data security risk and user information asymmetry,which need more advanced and secure technical means to solve.Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization,anonymity,detrust,data immutability and traceability,and has great potential for development in the field of dynamic spectrum sharing.The distributed database of blockchain can enable real-time sharing of spectrum usage information without the intervention of third-party platforms.However,the use of blockchain technology in spectrum sharing system still faces some technical challenges,such as high data update latency of blockchain,high consumption of computing resources of nodes in blockchain network and how to ensure the reliability of node data.To address the above-mentioned problems when combining blockchain technology with dynamic spectrum sharing technology,this thesis studies the dynamic spectrum sharing technology based on blockchain,uses Citizens Broadband Radio Service(CBRS)as the basic spectrum sharing system framework,and designs a dynamic spectrum allocation scheme based on blockchain technology and a multi-user coordinated spectrum sharing scheme based on blockchain technology.The dynamic spectrum allocation scheme based on blockchain technology and the multi-user coordinated spectrum sharing mechanism based on blockchain technology are designed,and the details of the research are as follows:First,in order to solve the problem of low success rate of spectrum requests due to conflicting user spectrum requests in traditional spectrum sharing systems,this thesis proposes a dynamic spectrum allocation scheme based on blockchain technology,which improves the existing CBRS spectrum sharing system architecture using hierarchical blockchain.Specifically,this thesis designs a user grouping mechanism,a spectrum request conflict optimization smart contract,and an optimization strategy for spectrum allocation scheme generation.Simulation results show that the dynamic spectrum allocation scheme based on blockchain technology can effectively improve the success rate of users’ spectrum requests and thus enhance the efficiency of spectrum utilization.Further,although the traditional spectrum sharing system focuses on the spectrum coordination between primary and secondary users,it lacks the research on the spectrum coordination of sibling users.To this end,this thesis designs a multi-user coordinated spectrum sharing mechanism based on blockchain technology and optimizes the CBRS spectrum sharing system using the public chain.Specifically,in order to enhance the robustness of the spectrum sharing system and the reliability of node data,a peer user coordination mechanism and a user trust mechanism are proposed in this thesis.Then,smart contracts for requesting coordination,implementing coordination,and handling violating users are designed for the user coordination process.Finally,the security of the designed spectrum sharing system is analyzed.By simulating multiple rounds of coordination,the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the coordinated spectrum sharing mechanism.In addition,this thesis uses the user coordination mechanism and trust mechanism proposed in the multi-user coordination spectrum sharing mechanism based on blockchain technology,and improves the existing public chain consensus algorithm to improve the scalability of the spectrum sharing system.By reducing the computing resource consumption of user nodes with high comprehensive contribution and trust value in the coordination process,In other words,such nodes have a higher probability to obtain the reward of generating new blocks,so as to achieve the incentive for users.Simulation results show that the designed consensus algorithm outperforms the traditional proof-of-work algorithm in terms of system throughput metrics.