Antenna Optimization Design Based On Improved Simulated Annealing And White Shark Optimization Algorithm

In recent years,the complexity of antennas has increased and traditional antenna design software sometimes cannot meet the requirements of some complex designs.Therefore,superior algorithms are needed to assist software in optimizing antenna design.The main innovative work of this article is as follows:1.This article conducts research on simulated annealing algorithm and white shark algorithm.Firstly,the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm were analyzed.And the traditional simulated annealing algorithm was improved to obtain the tempering fast annealing method.Then the improved simulated annealing algorithm was combined with the white shark algorithm.Adaptive weights and Cauchy mutation were introduced to propose an improved white shark algorithm.Five unimodal and multimodal functions were used for performance verification and the optimization results were presented.Finally,the improved white shark algorithm is applied to the optimization of antenna performance and the method of antenna optimization design based on the improved white shark algorithm is designed.2.In this paper,a double-layer microstrip antenna is designed.By closely fitting two singlelayer antennas with similar dimensions,the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is expanded.Then the improved white shark algorithm is used to optimize the antenna parameters.A three band antenna is obtained.Its impedance bandwidth is 4.35-4.6GHz,4.75-5.05 GHz and 5.6-9GHz,which can work in C band and X band.3.Two three-dimensional spiral antennas have been designed.The first antenna is a hexagonal pyramid spiral antenna,which improves the impedance bandwidth and return loss of the antenna by using different shapes of radiation patches and slot technology.The improved white shark algorithm is also used to optimize the antenna model,resulting in a dual frequency hexagonal pyramid spiral antenna with impedance bandwidth of 2.37-2.54 GHz and 2.7-3.52 GHz,which can cover multiple frequency bands such as Bluetooth(2.4-2.5GHz),WLAN and Wi Fi(2.4-2.484GHz).The second antenna is a circular shaped spiral antenna,which combines a rectangular and circular plate as a dielectric plate.The three-dimensional spiral antenna and the planar spiral antenna are in contact with each other.Parasitic patches are attached to the outer side of the circular plate to expand the impedance bandwidth.Finally,the improved white shark algorithm is used to optimize the antenna parameters.Taking the impedance bandwidth and standing wave ratio as comprehensive indicators,an antenna with an impedance bandwidth of43.38-67.45 GHz is obtained.And the operating frequency band with VSWR<1.5 is 14.92 GHz.The antenna has a maximum directional gain of 4.5d B,which can work in the V-band.Through further optimization,a spiral antenna with an absolute bandwidth of 25.27 GHz was obtained.The antenna has a maximum directional gain of 4.85 dB.