Comparison Of Physical Activity Guidelines Of China, The United States, Canada And The World Health Organization And Its Implications For Chin

Regular physical activity is one of the most important things people can do to improve their health.Regardless of age,gender,race,or current health level,exercising more and sitting less has great benefits for everyone.Although China’s guidelines and policies on physical activity have been issued in succession,the downward trend in the physical health of various groups of people in China has not been fundamentally changed.Physical activity is gradually decreasing,the time spent in sedentary behavior is increasing,and the prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing rapidly.These issues need to be addressed urgently.This article uses CNKI,Wanfang,Vip,and Web of Science databases as platforms to search for core literature on physical activity guidelines.It downloads the original national/organizational guidelines on relevant websites,systematically sorts out relevant research on physical activity guidelines,and selects multiple versions of the guidelines from the United States,Canada,the World Health Organization,and China for horizontal and vertical comparisons,To understand the research progress of physical activity guidelines in these three countries and one organization,compare the similarities and differences between different versions of the guidelines by population,and point out the shortcomings of Chinese guidelines compared to those of other countries,providing some reference and inspiration for Chinese scholars in this field and the formulation of relevant guidelines and policies.Research results:(1)The United States guidelines add physical activity recommendations for preschoolers aged 3-5 years.Among the activities recommendations for adults and the elderly,the requirement of physical activity lasting at least 10 minutes at a time is eliminated,the time range for physical activity is clarified,and it is recommended that all types of people should limit sitting for a long time.(2)The Canadian Guidelines have added physical activity recommendations for pregnant and postpartum women and patients with multiple sclerosis.They have also added sleep and low intensity physical activity recommendations for children,adults,and the elderly.The recommended amount of physical activity for adults and the elderly has eliminated the requirement of at least10 minutes of physical activity per session,and eliminated endurance and flexibility exercises.(3)The World Health Organization guidelines have added physical activity recommendations for children under 5 years of age,pregnant and postpartum women,as well as patients with chronic diseases and persons with disabilities.The suggestion for children and adolescents only adds restrictions on sedentary behavior;Adults and older adults have added updates to limit sedentary activity,eliminate the requirement that physical activity last at least 10 minutes at a time,and clarify the time range for physical activity.(4)China’s guidelines have added physical activity recommendations for children aged 2 and under,pregnant women,and postpartum women.In the recommendations for children and adolescents,it is clear that the duration of muscle activity should be controlled within one hour at a time(including warm-up and relaxation);Adults and elderly people are advised to eliminate the requirement that physical activities last at least 10 minutes at a time and clarify the time range of physical activities.For elderly people,it is recommended to adhere to balance and flexibility exercises.(5)The results of a horizontal comparative study of guidelines from different countries/organizations indicate that in terms of specific indicators of the guidelines,the age division and recommended amount tend to be consistent.Children are divided into 6-17 years of age,and should engage in moderate to high intensity physical activity for 60 minutes or more per day,as well as musculoskeletal strengthening activities at least 3 days per week;Pregnant women should do at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise per week.Research conclusions:(1)The US guidelines fill the gaps in the previous guidelines and further improve them.Guidelines for preschoolers(3-5 years old)have been added,and specific recommendations for adults and the elderly have been updated.Physical activity is no longer required to last at least 10 minutes,as any amount of physical activity can promote health.(2)The Canadian Guidelines inherit and improve the old guidelines,providing recommendations on sleep for various groups of people,integrating all exercise behaviors within 24 hours,and emphasizing the importance of exercising throughout the day(during 24 hours).This represents a paradigm shift in public health guidelines from considering isolated behaviors to "all day activities".(3)The WHO guidelines expand the research population and direction based on the latest scientific evidence.The latest guidelines provide recommendations on physical activity and sedentary behavior for children under 5 years of age,persons with disabilities,and patients with chronic diseases,as well as pregnant and postpartum women,filling important gaps in global health policy.(4)The Chinese guidelines follows the principle of "moving is beneficial,moving more is better,measuring strength appropriately,and sticking to it".Everyone should choose physical activities according to their abilities and current physical conditions.Any physical activity depends on long-term adherence and regular exercise habits,which can benefit you for life.(5)Through a horizontal comparison of guidelines from different countries/organizations,further research can conclude that most guidelines lack physical activity assessment and monitoring tools;Countries/organizations have begun to focus on moderate to high intensity physical activity,emphasizing physical activity that enhances skeletal muscles;The development of a 24-hour guide will become a trend in the future.Inspiration:(1)China should expand research on guidelines for special populations.(2)Strengthen scientific research on physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep,and develop 24-hour guidelines.(3)Coordinated development to build a nationwide fitness environment that combines family,school,and community.(4)Strengthen the supervision and evaluation of the guide.(5)Issue supportive policies to promote physical activity.(6)Strengthen the publicity of the guide.