Research On Damage Mechanism Of Cascading Failures In Inter-domain Routing Systems

As an important infrastructure of the Internet,the inter-domain routing system plays an important role in supporting the stable operation of the Internet.The security of the inter-domain routing system and Internet security are also related to each other.Under malicious attacks,cascading failures occur frequently in inter-domain routing systems,which makes the inter-domain routing systems unstable and unable to work normally,thus affecting the entire Internet.Therefore,the research on the damage mechanism of the cascading failure of the inter-domain routing system is of great significance to the security of the Internet.This paper focuses on the damage mechanism of the cascading failures of the interdomain routing system,and conducts three researches.Firstly,the initiation factors of cascading failures,the principle of failure propagation and the steady-state conditions are analyzed,and a cascading failure model of the inter-domain routing system that can simulate the real situation is constructed.Then,based on the cascade failure model,the factors related to the importance of nodes are analyzed,and a method to accurately identify key nodes is proposed.At the same time for the attacker,it is also a damage decision method regardless of the attack cost.Finally,starting from the actual situation of the attack and considering the cost of the attack,an inter-domain routing system damage decision algorithm based on multi-objective optimization is proposed.The algorithm can output a low-cost,high-yield attack node sequence to meet the needs of the attacker.The specific research work of this paper is as follows:(1)This paper proposes a cascading failures model for the inter-domain routing system with a recovery feedback mechanism(CFM-RFM).First,the cascading failures principle of the inter-domain routing system is analyzed in depth,and the reasons for node and link failure and the causes of cascading failures are summarized.The recovery feedback mechanism is proposed and introduced into the cascading failure model.By comparing with the model that does not consider the recovery feedback mechanism,the experimental results show that the UPDATE message generated during the recovery session will promote the cascading failures,while verifying the impact of the recovery feedback mechanism.The UPDATE change data generated by CFM-RFM model during failure process were compared with the UPDATE change data generated by cascading failures events.The results were consistent,which proved the rationality of CFM-RFM model.(2)This paper proposes a key node identification method for inter-domain routing system based on double indicators and entropy weight TOPSIS(DIEWT).First,it focuses on the factors related to the importance of nodes.It is believed that the importance of nodes in the inter-domain routing system is related to the impact of node failure on the network.By analyzing the impact of node failure on the network,the number of reachable nodes of the node and the load of the link connected to the node are proposed to quantify the impact.Then the key node identification model is constructed and the weight of the two indicators is calculated by the entropy weight method.And then the importance value of the node is calculated by the TOPSIS method,and finally the key node sequence is output.In two real inter-domain routing systems,compared with the other three methods,the experimental results show that the DIEWT method proposed in this paper has high accuracy,good stability and wide applicability.(3)This paper proposes a damage decision algorithm for inter-domain routing systems based on multi-objective optimization(PMT).The purpose of damage decisionmaking based on cascading failures is to achieve large damage to the network at a lower cost as much as possible.Therefore,the damage decision-making problem is transformed into a dual-objective optimization problem.The objective functions are attack cost and attack effect respectively.The article defines the attack cost related to the degree of nonlinearity,and the attack effect is the proportion of network failures after cascading failures.Based on the basic framework of NSGA-II,a PMT algorithm is proposed to solve this optimization problem.In the PMT,to make the population distribution more reasonable,an initialization strategy based on network partition is proposed.First,the network is partitioned,and then the initial population is generated based on the partitioned network.To speed up the convergence and improve the accuracy,a node replacement strategy based on partition search is proposed.In the experimental part,the PMT is compared with five common damage decision-making methods in two real inter-domain routing networks.The experimental results verify the effectiveness and accuracy of PMT algorithm.