| Today,as 5G(fifth generation)mobile communication network continues to deepen its application,2G/3G/4G systems are still in service.The number of antenna sites covered by the network increases rapidly in the continuous expansion of the system,and the site resources are increasingly exhausted.Combining 2G/3G/4G/5G multi-band multi-system antenna arrays into one antenna to minimize the physical number of antennas is an effective means to alleviate the above site dilemma.In this context,this paper selects multi-band and multi-system hybrid base station antenna as the research direction to break through the practical application problem of2G/3G/4G/5G antenna aperture sharing and provide practical technical solutions for the practical application of multi-system antenna into the network.In this paper,the basic principle and design technology of antenna are expounded at first.Then,aiming at the actual application requirements of mobile communication network,the research objectives of 2G/3G/4G/5G multi-system antenna array are proposed and a multisystem hybrid array(type I)containing 4-channel 2G antenna,4-channel 3G/4G antenna and8-channel 5G antenna is desiged.Among them,the antenna radiation elements in different frequency bands are designed to nest each other to realize the sharing of antenna radiation aperture and make the overall size of the antenna can meet the requirements of practical network applications.By introducing and designing the guide element,isolated reflector strip,dielectric loading plate,and optimizing the size of their electromagnetic boundary and the position of array reflector plate,the satisfactory electrical performance of the antenna is finally obtained.Then,a printed bandpass antenna element is designed based on frequency selective surface technology which effectively suppresses the coupling interference of low frequency antenna to the electromagnetic wave of high frequency antenna.Therefore,a multi-system antenna(type Ⅱ)with smaller overall width size is further designed,which can reduce the width size by 14% and the weight by 12%,offering another choice for practical applications.Finally,the above designed multi-system antennas(type I and type II)are manufactured in this paper.The system debugging and electrical performance measurement are conducted.The indexes of the two are compared and further analyzed with the results of existing literature.Overall,the multi-system antenna designed in this paper has the characteristics of small size and light weight under the same conditions,and its electrical performance basically meets the network requirements.They have been mass-produced and applied in mobile communication networks. |
