Research On The Teaching Activity Design And Practice Of The Maker Curriculum In Junior High School Oriented To Problem Solving

With the rapid development of the Internet,cloud computing,open source software and hardware and other new technologies and their deep integration with the field of education.The era of Innovation 2.0,which emphasizes "user innovation,open innovation,collaborative innovation and mass innovation",rapidly makes the maker movement popular all over the world,and the people-oriented innovative education concept is increasingly recognized and promoted by the education field.The cultivation of innovative talents is the educational responsibility and mission of the new era,and the education and teaching activities of makers just provide an effective carrier for the cultivation of innovative talents.At the same time,many relevant abilities of innovative talents need to be improved in long-term innovation practice,and the junior high school is the key period for the development of students’ abilities.However,there are still some common problems in the actual teaching of maker education,such as single teaching method,result-oriented teaching design,ignoring the cultivation of students’ problemsolving ability,and weak problem awareness of students.Therefore,with the goal of cultivating junior high school students’ problem-solving ability,this study focuses on constructing a problem-solving oriented junior high school maker teaching activity design process,and applies it to real teaching situations to carry out teaching practice to verify the effectiveness of this teaching activity design process.The main research methods in this study are literature research,investigation research and action research.Firstly,by consulting,analyzing and summarizing relevant literature,this paper defines the concept of maker education and problem solving ability and summarizes the current situation in detail.In addition,constructivism learning theory,"learning by doing" theory,proximal development zone theory and project learning theory provide theoretical guidance for this study.Secondly,on the basis of the definition of relevant concepts,the author clearly divides the dimensions of problem solving ability in maker teaching and analyzes the internal requirements for cultivating junior high school students’ problem solving ability,which provides theoretical basis for this paper.Through questionnaire survey and interview,this paper investigates the current situation of maker teaching and problem solving training of junior high school students in an experimental school in H City,and elaborates the design basis,design principles and elements of problem solvers oriented junior high school maker teaching activities.On this basis,the design process of junior high school maker teaching activities oriented to problem solving is constructed.Finally,taking the students of Class 3,Grade 7 of an experimental school in H City as the research object,three rounds of iterative teaching practice are carried out based on the maker course and according to the constructed teaching activity design process.Besides,through the questionnaire survey on the teaching status of junior high school makers oriented to problem solving,the evaluation and analysis of maker works,the interviews between teachers and students and the classroom observation records of students in the three rounds of practice.Verify the effectiveness of the design process of junior high school maker teaching activities oriented to problem solving and put forward the corresponding training strategies.The research results show that the design process of junior high school maker teaching activities oriented to problem solving can effectively make up for the deficiencies in the teaching of maker education,cultivate the problem solving ability of junior high school students and improve the self-efficacy of maker learning.