Research On Teaching Design Of Python In Junior High School Based On The Zone Of Proximal Development

Since entering the 21 st century,computer and information technology in China have developed rapidly,bringing great convenience to people’s work and life.So far,China has produced many excellent Internet companies including Alibaba,Huawei and Xiaomi,which have a strong influence all over the world.It can be said that the 21 st century is the century of information technology,especially for the country,if it can get ahead in the field of information technology,then its can win the first opportunity in the future international competition.At present,China’s computer and information technology is developing rapidly,and the demand for talents is very strong,especially programming talents,which are still in short supply in the market.The world is well aware that programming education should start from children,Finland has included programming education in the curriculum of primary and secondary schools very early,and China has also started to focus on programming education in basic education.2017,the State Council issued the "New Generation of Artificial Intelligence Development Plan"(hereinafter referred to as the "Development Plan")for the development of artificial intelligence in China from2018-2030,and put forward the corresponding development requirements.to promote China’s joining the ranks of the world’s scientific and technological powers.The Development Plan likewise states that smart education should be vigorously promoted and eventually popularized so that it can become an important tool in people’s daily lives and work,and also makes the decision to promote AI-related courses in primary and secondary schools.After this,the Ministry of Education issued the "Curriculum Guidance Outline for Comprehensive Practical Activities in Primary and Secondary Schools",which makes clear provisions for the development of information education in primary and secondary schools.Zhejiang,a city that prioritizes the development of AI,took the lead in introducing a policy to include the subject of Python within the scope of the college entrance examination.In addition,Shandong’s sixth grade elementary school information technology textbook also includes Python programming content.However,at present,the effect of learning Python programming in primary and secondary schools in China still falls short of expectations,and there are many areas in urgent need of improvement.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop Python programming classes in basic education.In the conceptualization stage,the literature study found that the nearest developmental zone theory has guiding significance for teaching and learning,while Python programming classes need to start from the actual level.The fact that few studies have combined the nearest developmental zone theory with Python programming lessons suggests that this study is instructive.According to the results of the author’s interviews with teachers,there are many shortcomings in teaching Python programming class in junior high school: the amount of effective class time is small,not many club activities are organized,the content of teaching materials is difficult,the teaching methods are old,and the teaching effect is unsatisfactory.Programming class is a boring and difficult subject that is rational and practical,and some students have not been exposed to it systematically before,and the content explained by teachers is difficult to understand,which leads to They are resistant to programming classes.A small number of students had prior programming experience,which led to a serious polarization in the class.This indicates that teachers often ignore the actual level of students when designing instruction and do not start with students’ prior experience.To change this situation,this paper applies the proximal developmental zone theory to middle school Python teaching and proposes the principles of teaching design for middle school Python programming classes based on the proximal developmental zone theory:(1)the developmental principle;(2)the principle of teaching according to students’ abilities;(3)the student-centered principle;(4)the principle of learning by doing.The theory is integrated in all aspects of teaching and learning,and the subsequent countermeasures and recommendations include three levels,the school level,the teacher level,and the student level.This study aims to enrich the theory of teaching Python programming classes based on the proximal developmental zone,provides teaching strategies for IT teachers to teach programming and provides new ideas and breakthroughs for IT curriculum practice.