The Relationship Between The Frequency Of Play Of Spatial Toys In The Family And The Spatial Ability Of 4-6 Years Old Children

Spatial ability plays an important role in the improvement of children’s spatial thinking,orientation cognition,observation,imagination and other aspects in the future.The development of children’s spatial ability and spatial concept is mainly derived from children’s own spatial attention tendencies,interaction with parents,teachers and peers,groping and exploring when playing with toys,and the process of active construction with the surrounding environment.Therefore,the spatial toys in children’s families and the spontaneous focus on Space of young children have become the influencing factors that need to be considered in the development of children’s spatial ability.In order to further explore the relationship between the three,this study used questionnaire surveys and survey methods,using the " Spatial Toys in the Family Questionnaire",the Block Design subtest of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence(WPPSI-III.)and spontaneous focusing on space test,and the 239 children aged 4-6 in K City,Henan Province.The spatial toy status of kindergarten children in the family was surveyed,and their spatial ability and spontaneous focusing on space were measured.The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS21.0 statistical software to explore the mediating effect role of Spontaneous focusing on Space on the frequency of play of spatial toys and children’s spatial ability in young children’s families.The findings suggest:1.The total number of spatial toys in young children’s families range from 2 to 31 and varies greatly from individual to individual,and the types of spatial toys in young children’s families are relatively concentrated.There are significant gender differences in the number of building toys and the frequency of play in the construction of building blocks for young children.The frequency of play in toddler board toys varies significantly between age classes.2.There are significant differences in the gender of children in the overall and relative spatial metrics of Spontaneous focusing on Space,and there are significant differences in the overall and two dimensions of Spontaneous focusing on Space of young children in the age classes.3.Individual differences in children’s spatial abilities are large,and the performance in simple tasks is better than that in complex tasks.Spatial abilities vary significantly in children age classes.4.There is a significant positive correlation between the frequency of play of young children’s board toys and the spatial ability in simple tasks,and has a positive predictive effect on spatial ability in simple tasks.There is a significant positive correlation between the play frequency of children’s puzzles,three-dimensional patchwork,building blocks,and board toys,respectively,with the overall spatial ability and the spatial ability in complex tasks,and has a positive predictive effect on the overall spatial ability and the spatial ability in complex tasks.There is a significant positive correlation between the overall and two dimensions of Spontaneous focusing on Space and spatial ability in young children,and has a positive predictive effect on spatial ability.There is a significant positive correlation between the play frequency of children’s building blocks and the absolute spatial metrics of spontaneous focusing on space and its overall totality,and has a positive predictive effect on the absolute spatial metrics and its totality.There is a significant positive correlation between the play frequency of children’s board toys and the relative spatial metrics of spontaneous focusing on space,and has a positive predictive effect on the relative spatial metrics.5.Spontaneous focusing on Space totality has a complete mediating role between the play frequency of children’s building blocks and the spatial ability of children in general and complex tasks;The absolute spatial metrics of Spontaneous focusing on Space has a completely mediating role between the play frequency of children’s building blocks and the overall spatial ability of young children;The absolute spatial metrics of Spontaneous focusing on Space has a partial mediating role between the frequency of play of children’s building blocks and the spatial ability of young children in complex tasks;The relative spatial metrics of Spontaneous focusing on Space have a partial mediating role between the play frequency of children’s board toys and the overall spatial ability of young children,the spatial ability in simple tasks,and the spatial ability in complex tasks.