| With the introduction of advanced technology into production activities,its bias affects the choice of production factors and thus affects the distribution pattern of factor income.The last round of scientific and technological revolution caused a decline in the global labor income share.Just at the beginning of a new round of scientific and technological revolution,will technological progress exert downward pressure on the labor income share? Judging the influence of technology bias on labor income share is of practical significance for realizing high-quality economic development in our country,so this paper explored the relationship between technological progress and labor income share based on the perspective of skill bias of technological progress.Firstly,this paper reviewed relevant studies and found that most literatures applied skills-biased technological progress to the study of wage gap,while there were few studies on the effect of skills-biased technological progress on labor income share.Therefore,this paper started with skills-biased technological progress and discussed its mechanism on labor income share: It was believed that skill-biased technological progress improved the relative demand for skilled labor,promoted the increase of skill premium,and optimized the employment skill structure of enterprises.Skills-biased technological progress increased the share of skilled labor income and decreased the share of unskilled labor income.However,the inhibition effect of skills-biased technological progress on the share of unskilled labor income was greater than the promotion effect on the share of skilled labor income,which was not conducive to the improvement of the share of total labor income.The reason for this asymmetric effect lied in the capital-skill complementary.Secondly,this paper used the panel data of Chinese manufacturing listed companies from 2012 to 2021 to measure the skill bias of technological progress innovatively and constructed a multidimensional fixed effect model for empirical analysis.Results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between the skills-biased technology progress and labor income share.It was also verified that technological progress was biased towards skilled labor.The skills-biased technological progress significantly increased the share of skilled labor income and decreased the share of unskilled labor income.The accumulation of human capital significantly increased the ratio of capital to labor and caused the substitution of capital to labor.Finally,through the heterogeneity test,this paper verified the effect of technology bias on the labor income share of enterprises under different employment skill structures,different labor intensity,different enterprise ownership and different financing constraints.In conclusion,this paper put forward relevant policy suggestions at the end: first,optimize the redistribution system to alleviate the impact of technological progress on labor force in income distribution;The second is to improve the personnel training mechanism,establish the talent reserve;Third,we will deepen market-oriented reform to ensure that factor prices are determined by the market. |
