Research On The Influence Of Labor Contract On The Labor Intensity Of The New Generation Of Migrant Workers

In recent years,with the continuous advancement of urbanization,a large number of rural newborn labor forces have gradually shifted to the urban job market,and the new generation of migrant workers gradually constitutes the main body of the urban labor market.According to the latest public database of the National Bureau of Statistics,the number of new generation migrant workers has caught up with the traditional migrant worker group,with a total of more than 290 million.Although the new generation of migrant workers has become the main force in the labor market,they are still in the queue of low-income groups,and their legitimate labor rights and interests cannot be guaranteed.The transformation of the domestic market economy system has accelerated,and the risk of unemployment has led to a large number of laborers in a state of overwork,which seriously threatens the physical and mental health of workers and the stability of the employment environment.The "Labor Law" and "Labor Contract Law" successively promulgated in China have gradually played a significant role in safeguarding the employment environment and protecting labor rights and interests,especially in protecting the new generation of migrant workers.It can be seen that studying the impact of labor contracts on the labor intensity of the new generation of migrant workers has policy significance for improving the laws and regulations for the protection of labor rights and interests,and maintaining a stable labor market and employment environment.Firstly,starting from labor contracts and healthy China strategy,the background and significance of studying the labor intensity of the new generation of migrant workers are expounded,and the necessity of this study is discussed.Secondly,by reviewing the research literature at home and abroad,the definition and theoretical basis of relevant concepts are summarized and sorted out,including labor supply theory,life cycle theory,family labor supply theory,labor intensity theory,human capital theory and efficiency wage theory,and put forward research hypotheses based on this.Then,using the mixed cross-section data of China ’s comprehensive social survey data in 2017 and 2018,the database is analyzed and studied by statistical analysis and quantitative analysis respectively.The empirical analysis of binary Logit and multinomial Logit regression model is used to analyze the influence of labor contract and contract type on the labor intensity and overwork degree of the new generation of migrant workers.The undifferentiated quantile regression method was used for heterogeneity analysis to analyze the impact of labor contracts on labor intensity at different time points.The propensity score matching method was used to test the robustness of the impact of labor contracts on the labor intensity of the new generation of migrant workers.Finally,according to the research hypothesis and conclusion,policy suggestions to alleviate the labor intensity of the new generation of migrant workers are put forward.This study found that,first,the labor contract can effectively alleviate the labor intensity of the new generation of migrant workers.The labor contract with legal effect clarifies the employment relationship between the new generation of migrant workers and employers,guarantees the salary and labor leisure distribution of the new generation of migrant workers,and alleviates the aggravation of their labor intensity.Second,the labor contract can effectively reduce the degree of overwork of the new generation of migrant workers.The labor contract can reduce the probability of mild overwork by 5.6% and the probability of severe overwork by 6.3%.Third,fixed-term labor contracts have a better effect on alleviating labor intensity.The employment stability of fixed-term labor contracts is lower than that of non-fixed-term labor contracts,and workers have higher enthusiasm for work within the limited labor contract period.Labor contracts can not only effectively restrain the exploitation of workers by employers,but also limit the excessive increase of labor supply by employed labor.Fourth,the mitigation effect of labor contracts at different working time distribution points is different.With the increase of working time and labor intensity,the mitigation effect decreases first and then increases,and the mitigation effect is the best after the weekly working time reaches 66 hours.In order to protect the legitimate labor rights and interests of the new generation of migrant workers,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations.First,promote the labor contract system and improve labor regulations.Strengthen the popularization of the labor contract system,and increase the supervision of enterprises and institutions by government regulatory departments,especially for individual industrial and commercial enterprises and private enterprises.Second,implement the labor contract system and establish a healthy concept.Enterprises actively sign labor contracts with employees,strengthen the ideological education of the new generation of migrant workers through internal organizations such as trade unions,league committees or party committees,help the new generation of migrant workers establish a healthy concept of labor supply,and independently adjust the time allocation of work and leisure.Third,deepen the reform of the household registration system to eliminate employment discrimination.Relevant government departments should solve the problem of household registration discrimination caused by the urban-rural dual structure as soon as possible.Employers should implement the policy of equal pay for equal work within employers.The new generation of migrant workers should also balance the relationship between work labor supply and family labor supply.Fourth,strengthen vocational skills training to enhance human capital.The new generation of individual migrant workers should pay attention to improving their education level and vocational skills.The government departments should cooperate with the education and training institutions in the society to build a re-education platform for workers.Enterprises should carry out vocational skills training for the new generation of migrant workers to meet the development needs of both employers and employees.