| Since the Reform and Opening-up,the rural labor force in Anhui Province has been transferred to cities on a large scale,and the insufficient and unbalanced flow has caused various problems such as hollowing out of the countryside,aging and gender imbalance,which affects the sustainable development of the region.With the gradual implementation of rural revitalization strategy,promoting high-quality talents from cities to return to their hometowns for employment and entrepreneurship,while further guiding the transfer of surplus rural labor to form an orderly two-way flow of urban and rural labor,has become the focus and key to realize Chinese-style modernization and promote high-quality development.Firstly,based on classical theories such as population mobility theory,dualistic economic theory and existing research progress,a comprehensive model of two-way labor mobility mechanism in various aspects such as expected income,migration cost,survival cost and rural support policies is proposed,and a mathematical model is constructed by evolutionary game theory method for derivation research.This paper compares the history of labor flow in Anhui Province since 1996 and four regions within Anhui Province since 2010,and concludes that urban and rural labor started to enter a stable and orderly flow stage after 2012,and the main driving force comes from the accelerated expansion of the return flow of urban labor.Meanwhile,the current situation of labor force characteristics and main influencing factors in Anhui province and four regions within Anhui province are sorted out and compared.Second,empirical research on mechanism theory is conducted using panel model,panel threshold model and mediating effect test methods.The results show that the widening of urban-rural income gap and the increase of urban employment opportunities significantly increase the relative scale of rural labor outflow,the increase of urban settlement cost and the increase of government investment in supporting agriculture significantly promote the relative scale of urban labor return,and the decrease of migration cost has a positive effect on both rural labor outflow and urban The effect of lower migration cost on both rural labor outflow and urban labor return is positive and comparable.At the same time,the study finds that land burden has a significant double threshold while household burden shows a significant single threshold effect,which verifies the significance of two paths of governmental behavior: reducing the urban-rural income gap and improving the living standard of rural residents.The heterogeneity study reveals that the effects of all factors except the urban-rural income gap have some regional heterogeneity.Finally,based on the regional heterogeneity of the influencing mechanism and the differences in regional development conditions,and taking into account the typical cases of two-way labor mobility between urban and rural areas at home and abroad,three suggestions are proposed for the realization of two-way labor mobility between urban and rural areas in Anhui Province: to improve the adjustment mechanism of expected income of urban and rural labor,to further reduce the cost of labor migration between urban and rural areas,and to strengthen the talent orientation of rural support policies,In addition,the three recommendations are "endogenous two-way flow based on agricultural industrialization and integration of three industries","progressive two-way flow based on undertaking industrial transfer and industrial upgrading",and "inclusive two-way flow oriented to special resources development and green economy".The three realization paths are "inclusive two-way flow based on the industrialization of agriculture and the integration of three industries","progressive two-way flow with the key of undertaking industrial transfer and industrial upgrading",and "inclusive two-way flow with the development of special resources and green economy". |
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