Research On Characteristics And Intervention Of The Causal Relations In Story Telling In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Causal relation in story-telling refers to the logical relationships between story-related events such as roles’ goal plans,internal reactions and actions,i.e.the occurrence of one event directly leads to the appearance of another event.Story telling requires correct description of story events,including the sequence of events and the relationship between events.Only by correctly deducing and expressing the relationship between events can a coherent and complete story be told.Children with autism may have difficulty in making judgments about the relationships between story events in story telling,resulting in a failure to coherently express story events and a lack of causality in story telling.In China,there are few studies on the characteristics and intervention strategies of causality in the story telling of children with autism,and most of the interventions are based on story events,and the logical relationship between events is often ignored.Therefore,on the basis of previous studies,this study intends to further explore the characteristics of causality in the story telling of children with autism,and then adopt the stepped story telling ability intervention mode to conduct individual intervention and group intervention for 4 children with autism,so as to provide theoretical and practical basis for the intervention of their story telling ability.causal relation in story-telling refers to the logical relationships between story-related events such as roles’ goal plans,internal reactions and actions,i.e.the occurrence of one event directly leads to the appearance of another event.Story telling requires correct description of story events,including the sequence of events and the relationship between events.Only by correctly deducing and expressing the relationship between events can a coherent and complete story be told.Children with autism may have difficulty in making judgments about the relationships between story events in story telling,resulting in a failure to coherently express story events and a lack of causality in story telling.In China,there are few studies on the characteristics and intervention strategies of causality in the story telling of children with autism,and most of the interventions are based on story events,and the logical relationship between events is often ignored.Therefore,on the basis of previous studies,this study intends to further explore the characteristics of causality in the story telling of children with autism,and then adopt the stepped story telling ability intervention mode to conduct individual intervention and group intervention for 4children with autism,so as to provide theoretical and practical basis for the intervention of their story telling ability.1.A study on the characteristics of causality in the story telling of autistic childrenThirty-two typically developing children aged 5 to 6 years were assessed using the storytelling test material,which measured causality density(the proportion of total causality in storytelling),levels of causality(the proportion of causality between one event and other events),The number of C0 to C3+ established increased from 0 to gradually)and the causation type analysis of the language samples showed that:(1)there was no significant difference in the causation density between the 5-year old group and the 6-year old group(P>0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in the level of causality between the 5-year old group and the 6-year old group(P>0.05).(3)From the proportion of the four types of causality,the five-to six-year-old children with normal development ranked from high to low: possibility relationship,physical relationship,motivation relationship and psychological relationship.Nine children with autism aged 5-6 years were assessed using storytelling test materials,matched with typically developing children for age,intelligence,and language ability,and language samples were analyzed.(1)The causal density of children with autism was significantly lower than that of typically developing children(P<0.001).(2)At the level of causality,C0 level of children with autism was significantly higher than that of children with normal development(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference at C1 level(P>0.05).The proportion of C2 level in autistic children was significantly lower than that in normally developing children(P<0.001).The proportion of C3+ level in autistic children was significantly lower than that in normally developing children(P<0.05).(4)The four causal relationship types of children with autism from high to low are: possibility relationship,physical relationship,psychological relationship and motivation relationship.2.Intervention study on causality in story telling of autistic childrenBased on the characteristics of causality in the story telling of children with autism,an intervention strategy of content difficulty ladder and story telling ability was designed.A single group of post test experimental design was used to select a total of 4 children with autism,and the intervention lasted for 3 weeks,twice a week,40 minutes each time.The results showed that:(1)the stepwise storytelling intervention course could increase the expression of causality in story telling among children with autism.After intervention,the causality density increased from 0.33 to0.64 on average.The proportion of C0 levels of causality decreased from 49.6% to22.1% on average,the proportion of C2 levels of causality increased from 7.3% to33.5% on average,and the proportion of C3+ levels of causality increased from 4.2%to 33.5% on average.(2)The stepped storytelling intervention course helps to enrich the expression of different causality types in children with autism.After intervention,the types of causation increased from 2 to 4 types.