The Research On Burden Reduction Policy From The Perspective Of Policy Tools Theory

Over the years,China has been actively trying to alleviate the problem of excessive academic burden of students through systematic policies,but the actual implementation of the policy has not yet formed a complete system and existing constraints,resulting in the overall poor implementation of the policy and deviation from the expected policy objectives.As a way and means to achieve public policy goals,the selection and combination of policy tools have a direct and profound impact on the efficiency of policy implementation,and they have been widely used in the field of education in recent years,and their relevance to education issues has been demonstrated in several studies on education.Therefore,this paper takes the policy development of burden reduction as the main line,selects the policy tools theory as the research perspective,constructs the analysis framework of burden reduction policy,incorporates the literature analysis method,public policy analysis method,content analysis method and survey research method,transforms the policy text into quantitative data,takes the horizontal spatial dimension of policy content and the vertical temporal dimension of development stage as the clues,combines with the investigation of the real implementation situation,and comprehensively explores the policy development.After completing the policy collection and collation,an analytical framework of the burden reduction policy is constructed and the policy text is coded.On the one hand,the framework analyzes the content of the burden reduction policy from the time series in the vertical dimension,and discusses the development and inheritance characteristics of the policy between stages;on the other hand,it analyzes the policy content in the horizontal spatial dimension,and explains the basic situation of the policy issuing body,text form,and the overall selection of policy tools by internal and external characteristics.Finally,based on the results of the framework analysis,the use of policy tools is comprehensively evaluated,the characteristics of policy development trends are summarized,the possible shortcomings of policies and their causes are discussed,and policy recommendations are targeted.The main findings of the study are as follows:Firstly,it is argued that the current policy of reducing the burden of students in China shows a positive development trend in general,and the diversification of policy contents,subjects and tools and the institutionalization of implementation show that the state pays more attention and expands its ideas to alleviate the problem of excessive academic burden of students.However,if we further explore and discuss the characteristics of policy development and implementation effects,we find that on the one hand,while the state gradually builds a long-term strategic layout of the burden reduction policy,the policy operability and precision need to be strengthened;on the other hand,the choice of policy tools may have a structural imbalance.The combination of the two leads to possible long-term implementation stagnation of the burden reduction policy.Secondly,a comprehensive discussion of the factors causing policy impact shows that the adaptability and balance of policy objectives and instruments are weak,and the selected policy tools cannot be fully adapted to the environmental requirements and the possibility of deviations in policy implementation in real situations,which affects policy precision and operability;the relatively excessive use of authoritative government resources may make policy implementation inflexible and inflexible,and lead to an imbalance in the use of other policy tools and the proportion of government resources invested;the existence of path dependence in the allocation of policy tools leads to insufficient combination and coordination among tools,showing differentiated and unbalanced characteristics.Finally,according to the policy network pathway of the policy tools selection theory,based on the research findings,this study considers the referenceable optimization pathway of the future burden reduction policy from four dimensions of policy attitude,environment,content and tools to respond to the current implementation pains and difficulties and get rid of the policy dilemma bondage.First,scientific treatment of the problem of burden reduction,in theoretical research,through systematic research to define the definition of the concept of burden reduction and unified implementation standards,to provide scientific theoretical experience for the policy.Second,optimize the policy environment,improve the synergy mechanism of the main body,improve the functional positioning and synergy interaction of the main body;Third,strengthen the targeting of policy content and the balance of supporting policies,and integrate the realities arising from the implementation process of different target subjects of the policy into the policy consideration;Fourth,optimize the policy tools for burden reduction fourth,optimize the structure of the use of policy tools,scientific and standardized tool setting and selection in terms of the internal structure of policy tools,the appropriateness and balanced configuration of tools and the strength of use.