| Karl Jaspers of German philosophy once pointed out that education in the German language system includes the meaning of guidance and awakening,and systematically explains the essence and connotation of education in his book "What is Education".At the same time,the German educator Sprange pointed out: "The ultimate purpose of education is not to teach what is already there,but to induce the creative power of people and awaken the sense of life and value." This thesis connects the relationship between education and awakening,and Marx further stated on this basis: "Education is by no means a simple cultural transmission,education is education precisely because it is an awakening of the personality and heart." Moral awakening education is the specific manifestation of awakening education theory,morality,as a powerful internal force,has always accompanied and supported social development.Thought activity is generating and constantly changing,and education plays a major role in guiding and awakening human behavior and freedom.Aristotle pointed out: "The ultimate value of human beings lies in the ability to awaken and think,not in survival." From an individual point of view,the current human development needs the restraint and guidance of moral forces,so as to guide the continuous self-improvement and development of the actor,establish correct moral values to guide behavioral practice activities,and form independent character in the process of self-education.For society as a whole,the optimization of morality and character is an important reference for evaluating national development and social progress.The British educationalist Samuel Smiles pointed out: "The future of a country does not depend on the strength of its national treasury,not on the fortification of its castle,nor on the magnificence of its public facilities,but on the high character of its citizens." It can be seen that moral awakening can fully tap its inner power and guide practice through education,optimizing the development of the overall order of the individual and society.The shaping of moral concepts formed in moral awakening is also the process of achieving self-improvement and universal norms of society in the process of cultivating people.The presentation of morality is an explicit manifestation of consciousness,and moral education in contemporary society is also an important way to maintain balanced social development and coordination between people.From Kant’s point of view,awakening morality requires a clear understanding of moral laws,and permeates the obligations that everyone should fulfill with universal requirements,so that moral motives are purer;Awakening morality requires a clear understanding of moral emotions,pointing out that the only moral emotion is respect for duty,and Marx also realized the limitations of empty moral preaching in the development of moral emotions;To awaken morality requires a clear positioning of moral will,Kant pointed out that moral will is good will,pure,with the characteristics of self-discipline and freedom,Marx on free will proposed to pay attention to real people,real social relations and specific labor practices;Awakening morality requires knowing that the motive for moral behavior is an obligation,and Marx explained on this basis that the emergence of moral behavior is based on the transcendent development of dynamic practical activities.Ideological and political education plays the role of education and awakening guidance,and first of all,it plays a role in awakening the cognition of "moral laws." By clarifying the complementary relationship between morality and law,the actor is made aware of the irreviolability of the law,and fully respects the dignity of the actor and the law in practice,so that it can cultivate moral consciousness in the subtle,use the coercion of the law to form a deterrent,and realize the shaping of the sense of rules.Secondly,ideological and political education plays a role in awakening "moral emotions",emotions are the internal strength of the actor,and effective awakening of moral emotions can make full use of rational factors and emotional factors for quality guidance education,so as to realize the use of emotional people and reason to convince people,which is helpful to deal with the relationship between emotions and reason,and form an important support for the main connotation of moral values.Third,ideological and political education plays a role in awakening the "moral will",through the improvement of self-discipline awareness,so that the actor always maintains the balance between self and social changes in the process of practice,and avoids the blurring of the boundary between moral offside and moral absence.Finally,ideological and political education plays a role in awakening "moral behavior",and through education,the actors can clarify what they should do and should not do,and correctly control the degree of action,give full cultivation and guidance,and avoid the moral imbalance caused by excessive involvement and excessive use.Through education and awakening,guide the actor to establish a correct conceptual awareness,stimulate subjective initiative while reasonably using the power of motivation to promote,so that behavior and consciousness are unified with each other,and the needs of the subject are internalized within a reasonable scope.As a way of education and guidance at the level of thinking,ideological and political education undertakes the responsibility of moralizing people,helping actors to achieve a rational understanding of the objective world through the guidance of consciousness,and ultimately "making people better people." Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the subjective relationship of the educated,stimulate their inherent potential,fully combine the mediating role of "informed intentions and actions" in moral education,deepen the importance of moral education for personality development,and highlight the power of ideological and political education to "transform and educate people" at the practical level,so that moral education and consciousness guidance are no longer abstract.Ideological and political education is an educational model that appears for life and is also the main process of self-education.The awakening of moral power can effectively tap its inner power in behavior and consciousness,making people’s behavior more standardized and consciousness more conscious and reasonable.Therefore,it is of great value to explore the optimal path of moral education on the basis of fully drawing on the moral concepts of Kant and Marx from critical thinking as the starting point. |
