Investigation On Current Situation Of Chemistry Spatial Ability Of High School Students

Chemistry is a science that studies the composition,structure,properties and the law of change of matter at the microscopic level such as atom and molecule.Early chemists used a variety of methods to represent chemical substances.A large part of all kinds of chemical substances have three-dimensional spatial configuration,which requires students to have rich visual and imaginative space.Therefore,it is very necessary to introduce the concept of spatial ability in the field of chemical education.Students have good spatial ability of chemistry and better understanding and characterization of spatial configuration of substances,which can help students build a bridge from the composition of substances to the properties of substances and deepen their understanding of the theoretical knowledge of middle school chemistry.This study aims to complete the definition of chemical spatial ability,analyze its characteristics and construct a dimensional framework,take into account the examination of "chemical knowledge" and "spatial ability",compile a questionnaire of high school students’ chemical spatial ability,investigate the chemical spatial ability of high school students with different dimensions,regional schools and gender as variables,and analyze the results.In order to put forward the corresponding teaching countermeasures.Combined with the existing research on spatial ability and chemical spatial ability at home and abroad,as well as the embodiment and characteristics of chemical spatial ability in curriculum standards,the author defines chemical spatial ability as follows: Based on the effective identification of spatial structure and interaction of matter in different dimensional forms of expression,the ability to complete creative mental imagination and operation,combined with the comprehensive analysis of old and new information to solve chemical space problems.Chemical spatial ability was further divided into three dimensions: chemical spatial recognition ability(spatial perception,spatial relation),chemical spatial imagination ability(mental rotation,mental segmentation),and chemical spatial construction ability(two-dimensional construction,three-dimensional construction),which was used as the basis for the preparation of the questionnaire of chemical spatial ability.In the investigation and research,398 students from four different areas of the developed key schools,developed ordinary schools,general key schools and general ordinary schools were investigated,and the following results were obtained:(1)In general,the development level of high school students’ chemical spatial ability is relatively ordinary,and there is a big gap between high school students’ chemical spatial ability and low school students.(2)High school students’ chemical spatial recognition ability and chemical spatial imagination ability are good and almost equal,and the gap between these two abilities is small;The low level of high school students’ ability of chemical space construction is an important dimension of the polarization of students’ ability of chemical space construction.(3)High school students showed better performance in spatial perception and spatial relationship,mental rotation and mental segmentation.The two sub-dimensions of high school students’ chemical spatial construction ability show poor performance and obvious differentiation,especially two-dimensional construction ability..(4)The spatial ability of high school students in different regions and schools is as follows:key schools in developed areas > key schools in general areas > common schools in developed areas > common schools in general areas,and the differentiation of spatial ability of high school students in different regions and schools is obvious.(5)The development level of chemical spatial ability of male students is higher than that of female students.Boys’ chemical spatial ability was superior to girls’ in all aspects.There were significant differences in the performance of different gender groups in different dimensions of chemical spatial ability.Finally,three teaching suggestions are put forward: strengthen the visualization of chemical structure,pay attention to the cultivation of students’ chemical language expression ability,promote the cooperation between men and women,and promote the collision of thinking.