Strategies To Cultivate Students’ Critical Thinking And Questioning Competence In The Morality And Rule Of Law Teaching In Junior High School

“Critical thinking and questioning”,as one of the basic points of the scientific spirit in the “core competence of Chinese students’ development”,is the comprehensive quality students show in real situations,which unifies the students’ attitudes,knowledge,skills and other contents.The Morality and Rule of Law is a ideology and political education course in the period of compulsory education.But how to cultivate the competence of critical thinking and questioning of junior high school students in the teaching of the courses? On the one hand,it is necessary to conduct theoretical analysis of the connotation and constituent elements of the critical thinking and questioning competence on the basis of systematically sorting out the relevant research results at home and abroad.On the other hand,it is also necessary to fully grasp the actual performance of junior high school students’ critical thinking and questioning competence,and to explore the specific paths and operational strategies in detail for improving the effectiveness of students’ critical thinking and questioning competence with the teaching practice of the majority of teachers.This paper mainly studies the cultivation of junior high school students’ critical thinking and questioning competence in the Morality and Rule of Law from the following four parts:The first part discusses the concept of the critical thinking and questioning competence,its constituent elements and its significance to the growth of students.According to the expression in the “core competence of Chinese students’ development”,the key points of the critical thinking and questioning competence are as follows: having the awareness of question;be able to think independently and judge independently;thoughtful thinking,analyzing problems dialectically from multiple angles to make choices and decisions,etc.This paper generalizes four constituent elements of the critical thinking and questioning competence from the perspective of etymology by analyzing "criticism" and "questioning" semantically,comparing the two related concepts,"critical thinking and questioning" and "critical thinking",and studying the relevant theories of core competence.They are question consciousness,independent thinking and judgment ability,flexible ability,and reflective awareness.In addition,this paper analyzes the importance of the education on the critical thinking and questioning competence from the perspective of enhancing the effectiveness of students’ scientific spirit cultivation,promoting students’ all-round development,and improving the implementation level of the Morality and Rule of Law in junior high school.The second part discusses the good performance and main problems of the cultivation of students’ critical thinking and questioning competence in the teaching of the Morality and Rule of Law in junior high school.This paper preliminarily master junior high school students’ level of proficiency and problems of the competence of critical thinking and questioning by means of questionnaire survey of the students,and fully master the situation of cultivating the competence of critical thinking and questioning in the teaching of the Morality and Rule of Law in junior high school by ways of questionnaire survey of teachers and classroom observation.Through the analysis of survey,it is found that junior high school students have a good foundation for the critical thinking and questioning competence,and the cultivation of students’ critical thinking and questioning competence has become a consensus among teachers,and the learning methods conducive to the cultivation of students’ critical thinking and questioning competence are being widely implemented.However,there are still some problems,such as: the goals for the cultivation of the critical thinking and questioning competence are unclear,the key content is not well grasped,and the teaching methods to achieve the critical thinking and questioning competence shows insufficient at effectiveness.The third part discusses the relevant reasons of the cultivation of students’ critical thinking and questioning competence in the teaching of the Morality and Rule of Law in junior high school.This paper analyzes the relevant reasons for the problems in the cultivation of junior high school students’ critical thinking and questioning competence in the Morality and Rule of Law teaching from the limitations of students’ learning and life background,the lack of teachers’ own critical thinking and questioning competence and teaching abilities,and the imperfect evaluation system for students.The fourth part discusses the specific strategies to cultivate students’ critical thinking and questioning competence in the Morality and Rule of Law teaching in junior high school.This paper mainly elaborates on the specific strategies for the teaching of the Morality and Rule of Law in junior high schools from four aspects:strengthening the goal guidance,grasping the key contents,improving the teaching methods,and consummating the evaluation system.The majority teachers should accurately locate the target level and reasonably set the target content;master the general law of the development of junior high school students’ thinking ability and timely understand the performance of students’ critical thinking and questioning competence;improve the quality of question design in the phase of self-directed learning and consolidate students’ basic knowledge;condense the discussion topics in the phase of group cooperative learning in real task situation to enhance the effectiveness of cooperative learning;help students break the superstition of“authority” and improve their reflective ability;pay full attention to the role of the high school entrance examination,conduct immediate and process evaluation of students,and incorporate the critical thinking and questioning competence into the students’ comprehensive evaluation system.