The Development Experience Of The University Of Applied Sciences In Germany And The Inspiration For China’s Vocational Undergraduate Education

At present,China attaches great importance to the development of vocational undergraduate education.Since 2019,when Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology became the first public vocational undergraduate education institution in China,the state has issued documents on the merger and transfer of independent colleges and universities,and implemented the new Vocational Education Law and other measures,breaking the ceiling of vocational education development in policies and laws.However,the vocational undergraduate education started late,the social recognition is limited,and the construction path is not clear enough,so it still faces many difficulties in our development.The German University of Applied Science,which has the attribute of vocational education,takes cultivating high-level technical talents,which is similar to the development of vocational undergraduate education in China.Therefore,this research takes the University of Applied Science as the research object,under the guidance of ecological niche theory,using the literature research method and comparative analysis method to summarize the development experience of the German University of Applied Science,and provide experience for vocational undergraduate education to better cultivate high-level technical skills in China.This study first defines the concepts of University of Applied Sciences,vocational undergraduate education,applied talents and high-level technical skills,and reflects the uniqueness of vocational undergraduate education in the cultivation of high-level technical skills;secondly,it locates the position of University of Applied Sciences in the whole German education system in terms of social factors such as economic development,industrial technology culture,legal system and education system.It is shown that the development of University of Applied Sciences originates from the need of society for such institutions: on the one hand,University of Applied Sciences enrich the higher education system,and on the other hand,they provide much-needed talent support for social economics transformation;again,from the perspective of the university itself,the characteristics of its operation are analyzed in detail,summarizing the development advantages of German University of Applied Science from the aspects of development orientation,the dual system model of higher education,the professional curriculum,the construction of dual-teacher teams and applied research in Germany.Finally,taking into account the realistic needs of cultivating high-level technical skills talents under China’s economic transformation,and drawing on the development experience of German University of Applied Sciences,we propose inspirations conducive to the development of vocational undergraduate education in China.On the one hand,we should create a social environment conducive to the development of vocational undergraduate education: strengthen the value of “no distinction between high and low career”,build a systematic legal system of vocational education,and clarify the demand of the times for new talent cultivation in vocational undergraduate education.On the other hand we put forward four suggestions on the realistic path of cultivating high-level technical skills talents in vocational undergraduate education: adhere to the principle of“three changes and three unchanges” to highlight the characteristics of vocational undergraduate education;establish a perfect school-enterprise cooperation mechanism and promote the process of school-enterprise cooperation;improve the construction of“dual-teacher” team and improve the quality of teacher teaching;optimize the professional settings and improve the curriculum system.This will give China’s vocational undergraduate education a fuller basis in formulating policies related to talent training and more confidence in cultivating excellence and improving quality in vocational education.