Research On The Design And Practice Of Chemistry Experiment In Junior Middle School Based On Project-based Learning

Project-based learning is an inquiry-based teaching model that uses real-life situations and driving questions to guide learning.Chemistry experiment teaching involves conducting inquiry activities in the context of chemical experiments.Project-based learning in middle school chemistry experiment teaching refers to using real-world problems as a context,incorporating chemistry experiments into project-based learning activities,and ultimately marking problem-solving with deliverable outcomes.This is consistent with the project-based learning concept and scientific inquiry goals proposed in the National Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education in Chemistry"(2022 edition).This study attempts to apply project-based learning to middle school chemistry experiment teaching,construct a project-based learning model for middle school chemistry experiments,and develop project-based experiment teaching cases to cultivate students’ chemistry experiment ability and scientific thinking and methods for solving real-world problems in chemistry experiments,in order to provide teaching references for middle school chemistry.This study uses a literature review to examine the current research on project-based learning and middle school chemistry laboratory teaching and defines related concepts.Guided by constructivist theory,multiple intelligences,and cognitive discovery learning theory,the study analyzes the project-based learning process and the middle school chemistry laboratory teaching process to find that both include three stages:preparation,implementation,and evaluation activities,aimed at emphasizing the process of raising questions,analyzing problems,and solving problems.Based on this,a model for middle school chemistry laboratory teaching under project-based learning is constructed,proposing the teaching principles of authenticity,inspiration,exploration,cooperation,and science,and offering specific implementation strategies,such as assigning pre-class assignments,setting project goals,adopting linkage mechanisms between in-class and off-class activities,providing multi-channel auxiliary teaching,and focusing on the evaluation of the experimental process.Based on the project-based laboratory teaching model,two project cases,"Little Water Purification Master" and Exploring the Mystery of Water Molecules," are designed and practiced.Before the teaching practice,a survey is conducted to understand students’ understanding of project-based learning and their basic chemistry laboratory skills,revealing that the current middle school chemistry laboratory teaching is not conducive to cultivating students’ chemistry laboratory skills.During the teaching practice,classroom observation scales and project knowledge testing sheets are used to evaluate students’ chemistry laboratory skills and knowledge of chemistry respectively.After the teaching practice,a survey questionnaire is issued to check the practical effect,and SPSS 23.0 is used to statistically analyze the changes in project-based learning and basic chemistry laboratory skills.In addition,interviews are conducted to gather teachers’ suggestions on this study.The research results show that project-based learning in middle school chemistry experiments can overall improve students’ chemistry experiment literacy.The model of project-based learning in middle school chemistry experiment teaching can cultivate different aspects of students’ chemistry experiment ability:initiating projects is beneficial for improving problem-solving ability;clarifying projects and implementing experiment plans can cultivate the ability to design and implement experiments;summarizing projects can promote reflection and communication ability.At the same time,the evaluation system of chemistry experiment teaching is conducive to promoting experiment teaching.Therefore,it is feasible to apply project-based learning to middle school chemistry experiment teaching to cultivate students’ chemistry experiment ability.