Research On The Influence Of Population Structure On Household Consumption In Small And Medium-sized Cities

Consumption is the engine of ensuring economic growth,and the increase of consumption will inevitably promote the development of economic society.China has a large number of small and medium-sized cities and towns,which are vast in size and gather many development factors.We should fully study the consumption problems of small and medium-sized cities and use the advantages of small and medium-sized cities to improve the regional differences in urban development level.However,with the change of China’s population age structure and population education structure,consumption will inevitably change.Therefore,this paper studies the impact of the population structure of small and medium-sized urban residents on consumption,and puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.This paper builds a theoretical basis by sorting out the existing relevant documents and theories,and takes the data of the "China Family Finance Survey"(CHFS)project organized and managed by the China Family Finance Survey and Research Center of Southwest University of Finance and Economics as the data support.Through the statistical analysis of the data,it is concluded that the family population structure of small and medium-sized urban residents has a high dependency ratio for the elderly and a low level of education.It is theoretically deduced that the dependency ratio of children,the dependency ratio of the elderly and the level of education will have an impact on family consumption,and there is spatial heterogeneity among the four regions of the east,the middle,the west and the northeast.After OLS regression,the following conclusions can be drawn: First,children’s dependency ratio has a significant impact on family consumption.From the overall perspective of small and medium-sized urban households,children’s dependency ratio will increase their consumption for survival,enjoyment,and decrease their development consumption;From the perspective of regional disparity across the country,there are certain differences in the impact of child rearing ratio on household consumption in the eastern,central,western and northeastern regions.Secondly,from the perspective of small and medium-sized urban households as a whole,the elderly dependency ratio will inhibit the family’s survival consumption expenditure,enjoyment consumption expenditure and development consumption expenditure;From the perspective of sub-regions,the effect of the elderly support ratio on household consumption of small and medium-sized urban residents is basically similar.Finally,the family population education structure has a significant impact on family consumption.With the improvement of family education level,families will increase survival consumption expenditure,development consumption expenditure and enjoyment consumption expenditure;The impact of family population education structure of small and medium-sized urban residents on the four regions is consistent.Based on the conclusion and the actual situation of small and medium-sized cities and towns,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions: first,optimize the old-age security system and strengthen the elderly consumption;The second is to reduce the cost of reproduction and stimulate consumption demand;Third,we should optimize the educational structure and promote consumption upgrading;Fourth,promote regional development and form a benign situation.