Research On Influencing Factors Of University Technology Transfer Speed From The Perspective Of Patent Information Ecology

The speed of technology transfer is the application speed of technology from generation to transfer.Patent transfer and licensing are important channels for universities to realize technology transfer.In the era of pursuing high efficiency,whether the transfer of scientific and technological achievement is efficient or not largely determines the success or failure of scientific and technological innovation activities in universities,highlighting the importance of technology transfer speed.The information ecology theory pays attention to the ecological attributes of information,and promotes the coordinated and sustainable development of the information society by studying the internal mechanisms of the mutual influence and mutual restriction of people,information,information technology,and the information environment.Patents are information resources with life cycle.The growth process of patents from generation to transfer is affected by the information ecological environment.It is necessary and feasible to introduce the theory of information ecology into the research of university technology transfer process.Based on the theory of information ecology,this paper analyzes the process of patent transfer in "double-first-class" universities.We regard patents as life forms,and regard the process from application to transfer as a dynamic life process of patents.And this paper constructs a model of influencing factors on the speed of technology transfer in universities.This paper studies the operation of university invention patents by bibliometric analysis.Through the social network analysis,this paper studies the situation of universities participating in the patent cooperation between industry and university and the dynamic evolution law of the cooperation network.It uses survival analysis to analyze the action mechanism of information ecological factors on the technology transfer speed from the four dimensions of patent information,patent information persons,patent information technology and patent information environment,and further analyzes the effect of technology transfer speed on patent retention time after transfer.The results show that:(1)the scale of technological innovation in universities is not balanced with the benefits.The total amount of technology transfer in universities is small,and the number of technology transfers is increasing but the speed is slowing down;There are significant industry differences in the speed of technology transfer;The effect of transaction mode on the speed of technology transfer is time-heterogeneous;Enterprise-led patent research and development can significantly accelerate the speed of technology transfer;The patent operation modes of universities are different,and the "small but refined" technology operation mode with low transfer volume and high transfer speed is the main mode of technology transfer.(2)Industry-University cooperation develops from breadth to depth.The density of cooperation networks has increased and the scale of cooperation has gradually expanded.The cooperation model is diversified from a single model of "one school and one enterprise" to a multi-agent cooperation in which key universities and enterprises play a bridging role.The active subjects of industry-university cooperation are comprehensive universities and energy and high-tech enterprises.Stable cooperation between industry and university occurs more between universities and derivative enterprises,and the cooperation space between industry and university needs to be expanded.(3)Patent information ecological factors significantly affect the speed of technology transfer.Firstly,in the aspect of patent information,the number of patent citations that embody the basis of patent knowledge,the length of patents and drawings that represent the quality of patent texts,and the number of claims that represent the scope of patent protection and market value have significant effects on the speed of technology transfer,while the scope of patents that embody the complexity of technology and the period of patent examination have negative effects on the speed of technology transfer.Secondly,in terms of information person,the number of inventors is accelerating the speed of technology transfer,and the impact of the breadth of university-industry cooperation on the speed of technology transfer presents a U-shaped relationship of the learning curves with marginal diminishing cooperation effects.In terms of patent information technology,high-quality technology transfer centers can significantly improve the speed of technology transfer in universities.In terms of patent information environment,the geographical proximity of both parties has a positive impact on the speed of technology transfer.(4)The speed of technology transfer brings innovation benefits.The speed of technology transfer has significantly promoted the subsequent maintenance and development of patents and effectively extended the patent life cycle.In theory,this paper provides a new ecological perspective to study the internal mechanism and output effect of technology transfer speed in universities,explores the influence of information,information person,information technology and information environment factors on technology transfer speed in universities from the micro level,and empirically analyzes the output value of technology transfer speed.In practice,the relevant enlightenment has certain reference significance to the technical operation practice of universities.