Study On The Impact Of The Second Demographic Dividend On Economic Growth In Three Northeastern Provinces

In recent years,economic growth in northeast China is generally weak,economic downward pressure,one of the important cause of this predicament is a sharp drop in the birth rate,labor quantity relative decline,the elderly population rising population and the change of age structure,such as making reserve facing a serious labor shortage in northeast China,the problem such as an ageing population,And then seriously affect the northeast old industrial base economic revitalization.There is a close relationship between population structure and economic growth.Scholars at home and abroad have carried out extensive studies on the first demographic dividend.With the arrival of the wave of population aging,the second demographic dividend has been paid more and more attention.Based on this,this paper tries to explore the development of the second demographic dividend in northeast China on the basis of the first demographic dividend,and analyzes the mechanism of the population structure on the economic growth of the three provinces in Northeast China.The research contents are as follows.First of all,the paper explains why to study the relationship between the second demographic dividend and economic development in the three northeastern provinces,sorts out the relevant literature,summarizes and evaluates the existing literature from three aspects,and further proposes the entry point of the study.Secondly,the paper defines the concepts of demographic dividend and economic growth,introduces relevant theories and theories of the topic,and discusses the effect mechanism of demographic dividend on economic growth.Thirdly,the present situation of population age structure and demographic dividend in the three northeastern provinces is sorted out to explore the relationship between the second demographic dividend and economic growth.Next,the theoretical model is established according to the previous analysis.Based on the annual data of Heilongjiang,Jilin and Liaoning provinces from 2004 to 2019,this paper establishes a model to discuss the impact of population age structure on economic growth,and discusses the mechanism through which population age structure affects economic growth from the perspective of savings dividend based on population structure and human capital dividend based on population quality.Finally,combining the research conclusions with the actual situation,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions on how to further develop the secondary demographic dividend at the present stage:(1)Giving full play to the promoting role of the relaxed birth policy.(2)Accelerating reform and improving the old-age security system.(3)Vigorously develop industries and financial services for the elderly.(4)Improve the retirement mechanism and encourage the reemployment of the young and old.(5)Promote the coordination between educational human capital and economic and social development.(6)Improve the medical and health system and enhance residents’ awareness of health care.