| Objective and significance:Adolescent football athletes were given two different methods of 12-week nutrition education—send nutrition articles through the network platform(WeChat public account)and traditional classroom-teaching,to observe the effects of these two nutrition education methods and the sustainability of the effects.It provides a theoretical basis for the selection of the method of nutrition education for athletes and how long to carry out the re-education.Methods:Making the Athletes’ nutrition Knowledge,Attitude,Practice Questionnaire and the Self-Efficacy Scale and testing their reliability and validity.Questionnaire,dietary survey and energy expenditure test were conducted on adolescent football athletes before intervention,and the data were taken as baseline data.The teaching group received nutrition education by classroom teaching once a week,while the public account group received nutrition education by reading a nutrition article pushed by WeChat public account once a week.The education contents of the two groups were the same.The questionnaire,dietary survey and energy expenditure test were conducted immediately after education,6 weeks after education,and 12 weeks after education.Results:1.41 U15 adolescent male football athletes participated in the whole experiment,including 21 in the teaching group and 20 in the public account group.2.Before intervention:(1)The average score of nutrition knowledge in the teaching group and the public account group accounted for 61.65%,61.25%of the full marks of this part respectively.(2)The average score of dietary self-efficacy in the teaching group and the public account group accounted for 81.14%and 76.10%of the full marks respectively.(3)Dietary survey results:proportion of calorific energy supplied by carbohydrate was 52.35±8.43%in the teaching group and 54.56±6.59%in the public account group;by protein was 17.51±4.28%in the teaching group and 17.58±3.17%in the public account group;by fat was 27.22±6.63%in the teaching group and 25.17±4.76%in the public account group.The intake of major vitamins and minerals was lower than the recommended value except iron intake.(4)Energy balance:359.55±459.02 kcal in the teaching group and,-420.45±279.11 kcal in the public account group.3.Immediately after intervention:(1)The score of nutrition knowledge and total score of the teaching group were significantly increased(p<0.05).The score of nutrition knowledge and total score in the teaching group were significantly higher than those in the public account group(p<0.05).(2)The score of self-efficacy was significantly increased in both groups(p<0.05).(3)The total calorie intake in both groups was significantly increased(p<0.05).The intake of VA,VB1,VB2,VC,calcium and zinc in the teaching group was significantly increased(p<0.05).The intakes of VB1,VB2,VC and iron in the public account group was significantly increased(p<0.05).(4)The energy balance of the two groups was significantly improved.4.The results of investigation on effect sustainability:(1)The score of nutrition knowledge in the teaching group at the 6th and 12th week after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention(p<0.05).The total score of the teaching group at the 6th and 12th week after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention(p<0.05).(2)The score of self-efficacy in the teaching group at the 6th and 12th week after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention;the score of self-efficacy in the public account group at the 6th week after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention(p<0.05).(3)The total calorie intake of the teaching group and the public account group at the 6th week after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention(p<0.05).The intake of VB2 and VC in the teaching group at the 6th week after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention;the intake of VA in the public account group at the 6th week after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention(p<0.05).(4)The energy balance of the teaching group and the public account group at the 6th week after intervention was significantly better than that before intervention(p<0.05).Conclusions:1.According to the nutritional literacy survey,U15 football athletes have a general level of nutritional knowledge,insufficient intake of carbohydrates,too little intake of nutrients such as VA,VB1,VB2,VC,calcium and zinc,and insufficient intake of total calories,which made the body in a state of negative energy balance.2.The two kinds of nutrition education can significantly improve the level of nutrition knowledge,self-efficacy,energy balance and intake of some vitamins and minerals of U15 football athletes,and classroom-teaching is significantly better than sending articles in improving the level of nutrition knowledge.3.The nutrition education in the form of classroom-teaching is better than the nutrition education in the form of network media(WeChat official account).The nutrition education in the form of network media should be considered to re-educated at the 6th week after education.The nutrition education in the form of classroom-teaching should also be re-educated at the 12th week after education. |
