A Research Of Marx’s Critical Theory Of The Capital Modernity

The concept of modernity,which has its origins in the Western philosophical tradition,in this sense it is directly opposed to divinity.The gradual enhancement of people’s self-awareness and the development of commercial trade have driven people to get rid of the shackles of theology on people’s thoughts and regions,and advocated that man is the master of his own and nature,emphasizing that human reason replaces divinity to dominate the world order.Since modern times,rational thought has matured in philosophers represented by Hegel,and a modern social order that marks the separation of traditional social order has been established,which philosophers call "rational modernity",which generally refers to the Western philosophical theoretical system and ideology that matches reason and continues to enrich and develop.Therefore,the development of modernity is actually equivalent to the development of Western philosophical theoretical systems,and the development of Western philosophical theories is itself the continuous improvement of modernity.Thus,the subject-verb reversal occurs.The in-depth advancement of Western industrialization and capitalist rational system,the instrumentality of man,the marginalization of nature,and the increase in global instability are to blame for the imperfection of the philosophical system and reason.Marx profoundly criticized rational modernity are subject and object upside down.With the global expansion of Western industrialization,which had begun in Marx’s time,the irrational character of rational modernity became more and more prominent.In the opinion of historical materialists,Marx clearly pointed out that modernity is actually not perfect,and it has both a progressive civilization and a barbaric and backward aspect.Meanwhile,Marx believed that modernity is by no means a comparison with reason,but that modernity is based on economic and cultural activities and social interactions arising from capitalist production relations.In this process,capital is the central concept that dominates the generation of the modern world.Modernity is actually based on capital,so "capital modernity" should be the normative concept of modernity.Using capital modernity to place many discourses of modernity not only theoretically points out the fundamental difference between Marx’s critical thought of capital modernity and the views of many modernity thinkers,that is,criticizing modernity from a deeper perspective of history,and thus pointing out the way to surpass modernity.Capital modernity has both barbaric and civilized aspects,and needs to be viewed dialectically.In Marx’s text,Marx clearly outlines an internal logic about transcending capitalist modernity.Marx pointed out that the birth and disappearance of any historical form has its objective laws,and for capital modernity,on the one hand,it is necessary to continuously stimulate the positive role of capital modernity in promoting the progress of productive forces,and make good use of capital to build modern civilization;On the other hand,constantly improve social laws and institutions to better regulate the negative effects of capital modernity.In addition,when social contradictions and conflicts cannot be contained,mobilize the proletarian revolutionary contingent as the most important external force to break through the current institutional system and economic order,build socialism,and form a new modernity.In addition,there is no doubt that since China introduced the Western industrialization model and opened up market transactions,China’s social construction has also included capital,so it is also necessary to take a path of modernity that abandons the modernity of capital.In this way,it is of great practical significance to promote the sinicization and localization of Marx’s critical thinking on capital modernity to guide the construction of China’s modernity.