The Research Of Alienation Thought In Marx’s "Economics And Philosophy Manuscript Of 1844"

Economics and Philosophy Manuscript of 1844 is an important early work of Marx.In the Economics and Philosophy Manuscript of 1844,the young Marx creatively integrated the basic concept of alienation and the problem of workers’ labor for the first time,with alienated labor as the core,profoundly exposed all kinds of alienation phenomena in capitalist society,and analyzed and discussed the thought of alienated labor in a more in-depth and complete manner for the first time.Marx’s thought of alienation was gradually formed on the basis of inheriting and criticizing the excellent achievements of the predecessors’ theories in combination with the actual situation of the political and economic development of capitalist society at that time.Hegel’s thought of spiritual alienation in German classical philosophy and Feuerbach’s thought of religious alienation constitute the most direct philosophical support of Marx’s alienation thought,and Hess’ s thought of money alienation and labor theory of value in national economics also provide important economic ideological resources for the creation and development of Marx’s alienation thought.The thought of alienation is an indispensable part of Marx’s ideological system,and the unremitting pursuit of the problem of alienation permeates Marx’s theoretical research throughout his life.Focusing on the actual situation of the real society and starting from the historical dimension,standing at the height of the development of human society,Marx revealed the current situation of workers’ difficult survival through the surface phenomenon of false prosperity in capitalist society,grasped the various manifestations of alienation,and deeply analyzed that private ownership is the most fundamental cause of alienated labor,and at the same time,in the process of the rapid advancement of the capitalist large machine industry,the old single social division of labor has promoted the deepening of the degree of alienation.Coupled with the endless expansion of blind competition among capitalists for more wealth capital,the alienated labor of capitalist society has reached a peak.Through a comprehensive analysis of alienated labor,Marx pointed out that the development of alienation has created the necessary conditions for the abandonment of alienation,and if we want to truly free ourselves from alienation in labor and realize the return of human essence,it is necessary to eliminate the many contradictions accumulated in capitalist society due to the existence of private ownership and the one-sided and deformed development of people in an irrational division of labor,vigorously develop productive forces,and realize communism.Marx’s thought of alienation in the Economics and Philosophy Manuscript of1844 has incomparable value implications.From a theoretical point of view,the problem of alienated labor not only provides an ideological basis for Marx to create the theory of surplus value and continue to deeply criticize capitalist society,but also provides ideological resources for foreign Marxists to extend alienation to all fields of daily life and comprehensively criticize capitalist society,and gives ideological support for the realization of communism and the restoration of human essence while marching through criticism and conception.From a practical point of view,Marx’s thought of alienation is of indelible practical significance for the current society to base itself on labor practice,adhere to people-oriented,fundamentally protect the main position of workers,let workers freely develop their own autonomy and creativity,and deeply understand the relationship between man and nature,actively advocate ecological civilization,realize harmonious coexistence between man and nature,and promote the construction of a socialist harmonious society.