Business And Human Rights:Chinese Expression And Practice

With the rapid development of world economic globalization,industry and commerce has created and accumulated huge wealth and value for the mankind,which makes the relationship between business and human rights become closer.On the one hand,with the constant global expansion of multinational corporations,a large number of production lines and manufacturing factories are transferred to developing countries,problems such as environmental pollution,deterioration of labor treatment and damage to the interests of consumers have become increasingly prominent in the host country of investment,the protection of human rights in multinational corporations is worrying.On the other hand,due to the continuous occurrence of human rights violations by domestic enterprises,people’s moral condemnation of market players is increasingly strong,so that business and human rights issues also get the focus of domestic attention.In order to ensure that enterprises can respect and protect human rights in the process of production and operation,more and more countries,international and social organizations have made a series of attempts and practices.It is generally required that enterprises must pay attention to the protection of stakeholders’ human rights while pursuing commercial profits.However,due to the differences in culture,history and current national conditions of different countries,there are some differences in the realization path of standardizing enterprises to protect human rights.In order to ensure the effective protection of human rights,some countries adopt rigid legal provisions to strengthen the effect of ethical restraint,delimit the boundary of business behaviors of enterprises in the form of formal legislation and force enterprises to fulfill their human rights obligations.In China,although the compulsory provisions of respect and protection for industry and commerce are embodied in various legislation sporadically,they are mainly expressed through a series of human rights related guidance,guidelines,policies and other advocacy norms.For a long time,Chinese enterprises have been in accordance with the mode of "voluntary responsibility" to realize the protection of human rights.Advocate that businesses should voluntarily comply with relevant human rights policies and implement the actions advocated by legislators through enterprise self-discipline,the guidance of industry associations and chambers of commerce,public opinion and other flexible means.If enterprises abide by such norms,they will get various benefits promised by the government,such as tax incentives,financial subsidies and so on.In the context of industry and commerce,the expression and practice of business and human rights in China have proved that the policy approach to guide enterprise behavior can indeed promote enterprises to take the initiative to shoulder human rights responsibilities to a certain extent.However,there is still a big gap between enterprises to achieve the goal of maximizing profits and promoting enterprises to fully implement their human rights responsibilities.Furthermore,there are also a series of problems need to be solved in the specific implementation process.Therefore,this paper starts with clarifying the relevant concepts and theoretical issues of "business and human rights".Then based on the expression and practice of it in China,summarizes the existing problems,and makes an in-depth analysis of the internal causes of the practice.Finally,put forward some suggestions for promoting the realization of human rights protection in the process of industrial and commercial development.