| Historically,the position of body and soul was not equal.The body has been neglected due to its negative connotation and has been absent in the history of Western thought.Nowadays,with the rise of consumer culture,the change of social values and the guidance of emerging technologies,the body gradually becomes visible.In consumption activities,the body becomes the tool and symbol carrier of enjoyment;In the mass media,the body is an object for display and for enjoyment;In the application of technology,the body becomes the object of technology construction.The shadow of the active body is everywhere.The body seems to be liberated,but it is actually set on more heavy shackles.This is a new form of human body alienation.Facing the predicament of body survival,we need to return to Marx,systematically study Marx’s thought of body,experience his thinking and care for life,in order to restore the harmony of body and mind.Marx’s view of the body has three levels: one is body and subjectivity.The body in the context of Marx’s philosophy is the natural body with flesh and blood,the social body in the network of relations,and the practical body of human communication with the world.In the "perceptual activity",the body is a kind of "active and affected" existence,which manifests human subjectivity in the internal tension of the active and affected.The second is the body and capital.In the social form in which the capital-dominated mode of production is developed,the body is transformed into the alienated body by capital.The main manifestations are: the body is sold to capitalists as the lowest commodity and contributes labor to the multiplication of capital;In the field of production,the body is crowded out by the machine,and becomes the "hand" of the auxiliary machine production,which is the appendage of the machine system.The body of production develops in the direction of mechanization and fragmentation,and is separated from the essence of self and reduced to animal flesh.The third is the body and liberation.The emancipation of the body requires the surrender of private property and the return of freedom to work in order to achieve a harmonious state of body and mind.The liberation of the body can promote the free and comprehensive development of individuals,so that the whole society forms a free people "union",in order to achieve the ideal society of harmonious development between man and man,man and nature.Marx’s view of the body still has the research value that cannot be ignored in contemporary times.From the perspective of theory,the political economy criticism of Marx’s body view contains the implication of life politics,which provides ideological resources for the understanding of modern life politics theory research.From the perspective of reality,Marx’s view of the body can be used to examine the new forms of body alienation in contemporary society.Nowadays,capital and landscape technology conspired to construct idealized body image,resulting in the tendency of capitalization of body aesthetic standards;In order to achieve the ideal standard,the body is increasingly indulged in the enjoyment of consumption activities and cannot extricate itself,becoming the tool and symbol carrier of enjoyment.The excessive intervention of technology makes the biological function of the body degenerate,and the boundary between the body and technology becomes increasingly blurred,which leads to the identity crisis of the subject,and people fall into self-loss.Therefore,based on Marx’s view of the body,various practices such as the technicalization of the body and the capitalization of the body landscape are examined in order to seek the standard return and proper positioning of the body,so as to realize the liberation of the body. |
