Change,Imbalance And Reconstruction:Village Governance In The Process Of Urbanization

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the urbanization process is accelerating.Many villages near the city are being carried out spatial transformation and functional remodeling in the tide of urbanization.However,compared with the rapid spatial change,the change of soft environment such as village governance structure and traditional customs falls into the dilemma of self-adjustment.The transformation of villager identity,the replacement of informal rules and the reform of village governance system all face the difficult problems of transformation and adaptation.In the process of rural urbanization,the construction of soft environment in these villages is becoming more and more urgent.Constructing an effective village governance system is a key link to promote the orderly connection between village reconstruction and urbanization.Based on a case study of Z Village in central Shanxi Province,this paper describes the village changes and governance difficulties in the process of urbanization.Firstly,through in-depth interview,participatory observation,ethnography and other research methods,the case village was deeply investigated.According to the development context of the event,the whole process of the development mode of village demolition under the background of urbanization was described,including the selection in the early stage,the interruption of the project and government intervention in the middle stage,and the restart of the project in the later stage.Secondly,from the perspective of political system theory and structural functionalism theory,the governance structure and power structure of the village are analyzed respectively from the organizational and individual levels.The analysis shows that,first,the change of the village external environment leads to the imbalance of the village internal governance structure and social disorder.As an external environment,urbanization affects village governance by changing the input and output of the political system within the village domain and the internal structure of the system.The unbalance of governance structure makes the village social contradictions,social governance disorder.Second,the imbalance of the power structure leads to the misbehavior of the elite.The expansion of the power of the village elite leads to the marginalization of villagers’ interests,which further worsens the relationship between cadres and the masses.The villagers’ sense of relative deprivation also leads to the crisis of legitimacy of elite governance,which leads to the loss of social capital.Finally,on the basis of the above analysis,it is proposed to realize the reconstruction of village governance structure and power structure through organizational reengineering and village self-integration.In addition,suggestions and opinions on maintaining internal harmony and realizing effective governance of villages in the process of urbanization should be institutionalized to standardize the multi-governance pattern of villages and reconstruct the rural social trust mechanism.