Research On Marx And Engels’ Thought Of Science And Technology

The 19th century was a crucial period for the development of science and technology as well as for Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels’ research into the production process of industrial capitalism.In their study of the production process of capitalism,Marx and Engels conducted extensive research on the representative technological applications such as machines,forming a relatively systematic theoretical framework.Scholars at home and abroad have shown a common tendency to focus on technology in their research on the scientific and technological thought of Marx and Engels.Domestic scholars,while covering a wide range of angles,lacked a localized approach;while foreign scholars tended to criticize technology itself,they lacked a practical perspective.Therefore,based on a review of the historical context of the development of Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought,this paper comprehensively and systematically grasps its main content and explores new theoretical values and contemporary inspirations by combining it with excellent traditional Chinese culture,enriching the epochal value of Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought.Through examining the works of Marx and Engels at different stages,it was found that their understanding of science and technology went through three different periods: formation,development,and maturity.Starting from the historical and theoretical background of Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought,this paper examines their representative works in these three stages,briefly summarizing the main contents and basic features of Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought.The main contents of Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought include the nature and driving forces behind the development of science and technology,the social functions of science and technology,alienation and technological risks,among which the main features are Practicality,Criticality,Historicity,and Humanism.Based on clarifying the historical development context of Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought,this paper explores the theoretical value and contemporary inspirations of Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought,in order to guide our current scientific and technological practice.In terms of theoretical value,Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought points out the value principles that should be followed in the development of science and technology,and provides theoretical guidance for the development of localized Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought in China.In terms of reality,Marx and Engels’ scientific and technological thought enlightens us to fully unleash the positive role of science and technology in serving social development,while avoiding negative effects and preventing "technological alienation".Moreover,the development of science and technology should serve the overall national development,advancing towards achieving high-level technological self-reliance and self-strengthening.In addition,by integrating excellent traditional Chinese culture,it is necessary to strengthen the localization and practical perspectives of domestic research,and carry out more theoretical explorations and practical applications,providing more effective guidance and support for the sustainable innovation of modern science and technology and social progress.