A Study For The Legal Systems Of The Prevention And Control Of Invasive Alien Species In Australia

Under the background of global economic integration,international and domestic trades are becoming more and more frequent,which makes it easier for alien species to invade successfully.The environmental and economic problems caused by biological invasion are becoming more and more prominent,and this has caused widespread concern in the world.Australia is one of the most biodiversity-rich countries in the world,it is a global leader in biodiversity conservation and bioresource utilization.Australia is also one of the earlist countries in the world to pay attention to biosecurity and biological invasion.For biosecurity,Australia has established perfect policies and regulations,financial guarantee,technical support,management institutions and so on.Since 1908,Australia has formed two sets of biosecurity laws in accordance with the trend of the times.The first set of laws regarded the Quarantine Law as the core.The second set regards the Biosecurity Law as the core.On the basis of these laws,Australia has established a series of legal systems to prevent and control invasive alien species.And biosecurity import risk analysis system,weed risk assessment system,ballast water management system,emergency biosecurity response system are the most important legal systems.The Australian government pays attention to local environmental factors when constructing the legal systems of the prevention and control of invasive alien species,takes sufficient basic laws as the cornerstone,applies modern biosecurity concepts,and also promotes talents and technology to jointly empower the biosecurity.All in all,these legal systems have their own foundation and core content,with strong operability and feasibility.But at the same time,they also have some controversies and shortcomings.Moreover,there are still many practical dilemmas in the overall operation of these legal systems: need to optimize the management pathway of marine alien species,an ill-designed “cooperative federalism” structure,deficiencies in internal supervision work and supporting work and so on.In summary,under the trend of global integration,especially under the policy of“One Belt,One Road”,there are many incidents of biological invasion in China,so there is an urgent need to establish and improve the legal systems for the prevention and control of invasive alien species in China.Through the combing of the background of these legal systems in Australia,exploring their legal origins,analyzing the specific operation mode of each system,analyzing their influence,reflecting on their shortcomings,to provide experience and reference for the establishment and improvement of the relevant legal systems in China.