U.S. And International Cooperation In Solving Indo-Chinese Refugee Problem (1975-1990)

After the end of World War II,based on its own national interests and changing diplomatic needs,the U.S.attitude toward the international refugee regime has changed,gradually shifting from resistance in the early 1950 s to embracing it in the 1960 s and1970s.The U.S.during this period used the international refugee regime,with the UNHCR at its core,as a tool to expand its influence in the Third World until the outbreak of the Indo-Chinese refugee crisis in the mid-1970 s.The Indochinese Wars caused a massive exodus of refugees,and the severity of the crisis gradually exceeded the capacity of the United States,which had to seek the help of international refugee regime.To enable the international community to share the pressure caused by the refugee problem,the United States actively promoted international cooperation through bilateral and multilateral channels.Through U.S.efforts,the Conference on Refugees and Displaced Persons in Southeast Asia was successfully held in 1979,and the conference eventually reached a consensus based on a seven-point initiative proposed by the United States.In the short term,the conference eased the asylum pressure on Southeast Asian countries,however,in the long term,the conference lacked mandatory resolutions and the refugee problem was not fundamentally resolved.In the late 1980 s,the refugee crisis was again aggravated.At the call of ASEAN countries,the Second International Indo-Chinese Refugee Conference was held in 1989,which adopted a new consensus,the Comprehensive Plan of Action.The plan promised to establish refugee status determination procedures and repatriation for non-refugees.The United States responded to the international situation after the conference and actively promoted the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan of Action.In the handling of the Indo-Chinese refugee crisis,U.S.refugee policy and international refugee regime interacted and developed together.In the end,it was the combined efforts of the two that led to the resolution of the Indo-Chinese refugee crisis.In sum,the different attitudes toward international refugee regime in the United States at different times are rooted in the unclear definition of national interests under conditions of complex interdependence.With the continuous development of multichannel connections among societies,sovereign states are no longer the only protagonists in world politics,and non-state actors such as international organizations are playing an increasingly important role.In the context of deepening interdependence,increasing the openness of states,strengthening regional cooperation,and optimizing international mechanisms are important means of solving world problems such as the refugee issue.