| Pakistan has more than hundred nuclear weapons arsenals and maybe more than that.Pakistan also producing fissile material relating production facilities.Meanwhile,it deploys its nuclear weapons and modernized types of delivery vehicles on the field.The aim of Pakistan’s nuclear program is to secure its borders and wants to keep her territorial integrity from any internal and external threats.The military observers and experts argue that the risk of nuclear exchange among the regional countries would increase.Pakistan in recent years,has taken some steps to upheave international confidence related to its nuclear arsenals’ security.Since 2004,Pakistani and US officials argued over the exposures regarding the procurement network of nuclear program led by former Pakistani nuclear weapons’ Father-Doctor,Abdul Qadeer Khan.Thus,Pakistani government has taken some steps for improving nuclear arsenals’.A number of significant steps has been taken to strengthen export control laws and developing personnel security.On the other hand,the international nuclear security cooperation programs have given way to develop Pakistan’s nuclear security.It is all due to the rivalry of regional countries nuclear power adversaries.The acquiring nuclear weapons by both Sates,specifically India and Pakistan failed to prevent limited war.It is very important to maintain stable and deterrence between regional rivals.Moreover,it will not lead to cause nuclear exchange between these two main rivals.Establishing such regime is in the best interest of India and Pakistan,its necessity to improve bilateral relations between Pakistan and India.My writings examine to challenges the strategic consistency from domestic,regional and ultra-international point of views.It has good assessment that how the interplay of these challenges weak the stability of south Asia and the key role of major powers especially the United States.Moreover,for the best understanding of the fragile security situations of the region,this study is all about the nuclear policy of Pakistan and its deterrence strategy.The chief goal of Pakistan government to acquire nuclear weapon was to secure its borders and maintain her dignity before the international community.Pakistan’s establishment was in the point of view,that the unique and fundamental nuclear weapon system,absolutely compensate the military superiority.The Pakistani Army argue that acquiring nuclear weapons is a necessary and an emergency reaction for balancing power.In addition,it is a long-term option for the national security of the nation.The best policy is that which others are in the point of view that Pakistan would follows deterrence policy via creating nuclear ambiguity.In fact,if Pakistan wants to have a full security umbrella they should have a balance security by having credible nuclear capability.India abandoned herself and strongly agreed not to follow the first strike doctrine.On the other hand,Pakistan protected the right of first use of nuclear weapons to herself;Because Pakistan could not rely and trust of Indian not first use policy agreement.Pakistan’s nuclear doctrine is based on three principles: first,to guarantee her geographical integrity and its independence.Second,to manage a total war and mutual deterrence policy of nuclear power states.Third,to defend Pakistan from a nuclear attack.The prime goal of Pakistan’s nuclear bomb is to defend herself.Pakistan accepted that her nuclear weapon is deterring from attack,not just from Indian side but against other conventional too.Pakistan government is determined to avoid Indian military superiority and dominance in the south Asian region,just because of that to develop her nuclear weapons program.Generally,the study contained five chapters: chapter one covers the introductory part that explaining that how Pakistan started its nuclear weapon program.At first Pakistan’s nuclear build up begun in 1950 s.After that,Pakistan had lost its half geography,population and its eastern part to Bangladesh state,in the war of 1971,of India and Pakistan.Pakistan strongly defeated and learnt lessons from the mentioned war,and had been convinced that anymore we could not resist India militarily.Pakistan by testing its nuclear bomb showed her de-facto nuclear power to the international community.After that,India tested its own nuclear bomb faced with intermediate international community’s sanctions especially the United States has cut off its assistance on India.However,the world community was searching that whether Pakistan buildup its nuclear weapon program.When Pakistan successfully tested its nuclear bomb,the international community and the United States stopped its aid on Pakistan too.However,fortunately both countries of India and Pakistan overcome,regarding that not to go towards full-scale war with each other.The most significant things between these two traditional rivals are maintaining stability and deterrence.Chapter Two explains Pakistan’s nuclear security policy.Regarding this issue Pakistan tried her best,to strengthen its nuclear security and taken steps,before that to test its nuclear bomb.Related to its nuclear security policy Pakistan’s Chief of Army Staff General Keramat has appointed Kidvai,as head of Assessment research board.The military and non-military people recommended for establishing a nuclear command and control regime.Nuclear deterrence is so significant like history,for these two south Asian rivals.During the cold war era of United States and former USSR,Pakistan secretly developed her nuclear program.However,Islamabad except developing her nuclear program had no other choice,because its main rival India militarily was powerful and Pakistan felt threat from her.As the Pakistani government,diplomatic relations with United States and China was good and have the support of these mentioned superpowers,regarding her best defense against India.Pakistan is committed and agreed on nuclear regime,and accepted it as her national responsibility.After years of hard working and efforts,Islamabad established a general national nuclear security regime.National nuclear security evaluated and updated,under the command of National commitments’ and functions of International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)instructions’ documents and international community’s agreements best practices.A strong nuclear security program has finalized after years of efforts to help,strengthen and protecting the national nuclear security regime.Chapter Three explains the motives for Pakistan’s nuclear policy development.First,the thing that motivate Pakistan to develop its nuclear weapon.is the realist political perspective which in anarchic international system,a country during a crisis situation attack another country no state will help her,during that hardship which Pakistan itself was its eye witness of that tragedy incident during Bangladesh separation from Pakistan.Second,thing that motivate Pakistan to develop its own nuclear bomb is India.Because India is Pakistan’s number one enemy since inception days,and fought four wars over Kashmir Issue,border issue and water issue.According to Pakistan’s nuclear doctrine,Pakistan’s nuclear weapon is India centric.It means that Pakistan made its nuclear weapon to defend from its national borders and security,from any Indian aggression.The reality that how Pakistan has been motivated is not known and un-cleared,and its nuclear motive has politicized by Pakistani government,and at the same time considered it for its national security safety and against her traditional adversary,India too.Chapter 4 explains the challenges that Pakistan’s nuclear policy have faced,during the cold war era of United States and USSR.It was the United States’ strategy to counter Soviet Union’s communism expansion in the region.On that time,Pakistan accelerated its secret nuclear development during the early presidency of Gorge Herbert.However,after the Russian military pull out from Afghanistan,the United States banned it economic assistance on Pakistan and imposed sanctions.Pakistan’s nuclear policy is facing with the below challenges: first,there is a risk that the Pakistani nuclear installations would come under the suicide attack.Second,will be the risk that the Pakistani nuclear device would put in to the hands of militia groups,during political instability and government collapse.The Third,risk is related to Pakistan’s fastest expansion of its nuclear arsenals,which the world is growing nuclear device.Fourth risk is about Pakistan’s nuclear weapon transferring to Saudi Arabia government.The Fifth risk is about,that the Pakistani nuclear policy faced with the challenging of proliferation of its nuclear weapon Technology by Doctor Abdul Qadeer Khan Network,and transferring its technology to Libya,Iraq and North Korea.Chapter Five is the final,which concludes: that the nuclear weapon is the most powerful military device,which Pakistan acquired it after years of struggles,and efforts to guarantees its territorial integrity’s security,and defend from its geography and soil against her main adversary,India.Moreover,another aggression too.The main goal of Zulfaqar,Ali Bhutto was to overcome over 1971,war defeat and guarantees his country’s survival and security against their traditional enemy.As we know,that nuclear weapon is the most powerful,and is a weapon of mass destruction,its security and using is a national responsibility.Every single country must know her own responsibility regarding its safety.Pakistan has already committed before the international community to perform its assignments properly regarding its nuclear safety and security. |
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