China-Russian Cybersecurity Cooperation From The Perspective Of International Rule Of Law In Cyberspace

Compared to domestic rule of law in cyberspace,as well as other areas of International rule of law,International rule of law in cyberspace still has a long way to go.Developing countries urgently need regional and even global cyberspace International rules that broadly reflect their own interests.The actors involved in the International rule of law in cyberspace mainly include sovereign states,government related International actors,non-governmental actors,etc.Sovereign states are the key to the International rule of law in cyberspace.Without the participation of sovereign states,cyberspace cooperation cannot be effective and long-term and the domestic rule of law and stable order in cyberspace cannot be established."The digital divide",common cybersecurity threats and challenges,legal and policy issues,and other factors are the practical dilemmas of the International rule of law in cyberspace.The positive interaction between International rule of law in cyberspace and International cooperation in cybersecurity is manifested in mutual promotion.International rule of law in cyberspace can promote the long-term and effective development of relevant International cooperation,and International cooperation in cybersecurity can help solve the dilemma of International rule of law in cyberspace and promote the development of International rule of law practice in cyberspace.There is a close relationship between International mechanisms and the effectiveness of International cooperation.International mechanisms play an important role in reducing transaction costs,enhancing the negotiating ability of partners,determining cooperation rights and interests,as well as in coordinating and resolving disputes,supervising implementation,and punishing betrayal.As one of the International mechanisms,or as a result of the legalization of International mechanisms,International legal mechanisms are not International law,but rather an integral part of the practice of International rule of law,which enhances the various effectiveness of International mechanisms in promoting cooperation.Cooperation is the foundation of International rule of law,and the long-term and stable progress of International cooperation in a certain field will stimulate the emergence and development of International rule of law practice in that field.An important International relationship inevitably requires certain legal norms to adjust,so is International cooperation in cybersecurity.Changes in International cooperation in cybersecurity also require changes in International law in cyberspace,which is a manifestation of the adaptability of law.Substantive cybersecurity cooperation between major cyber powers is the key to promoting International cooperation in cybersecurity,resolving the dilemma of International rule of law in the cyberspace field,and achieving a benign interaction between the two.Faced with threats such as cyberspace gaming and cyber hegemony challenges,China and Russia,as major information and cyber powers in the world,actively participate in regional and global information and cyber security cooperation,actively promote the development of International legal practice in cyberspace,and lay a solid foundation for leading International cooperation in information and cyber security.The domestic and International legal practice in cyberspace has made China and Russia’s cybersecurity cooperation more institutionalized and standardized.The China-Russia cybersecurity cooperation was initially launched under the framework of multilateral cooperation such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization,BRICS countries and the United Nations,with the goal of safeguarding cyber sovereignty,promoting International cooperation on information and cyber security,jointly combating common cybersecurity threats and formulating International rules in cyberspace.China-Russia cybersecurity cooperation adheres to the principles of respecting cyber sovereignty,maintaining cyber peace and security,promoting global shared governance and law-based governance of cyberspace.In addition to the problems existing in China and Russia’s respective cybersecurity legal systems,there are problems and obstacles in the cybersecurity cooperation between China and Russia,such as different demands for core interests,lack of substantive cooperation,and continuous threat of cyber hegemony.China and Russia have actively participated in and promoted regional and global information and cyber security cooperation,and accumulated rich experience for bilateral and multilateral cooperation.As the cooperation between the Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union continues to advance,China and Russia have a profound cooperation foundation and huge cooperation potential,which lays a practical foundation for the improvement of the legal mechanism of China-Russia cybersecurity cooperation.From the perspective of the International rule of law in cyberspace,in order to improve the legal mechanism of China-Russia cybersecurity cooperation,the two sides should improve the institutional guarantee for substantive cooperation on China-Russia cybersecurity,make full use of the existing global cyberspace governance platform to carry out cooperation,and enhance the ability of multiple actors to cooperate and govern cybersecurity.