A Study Of The Peasant Movement Led By The Communist Party In Guangdong During The National Revolutionary Period (1924-1927)

During the National Revolutionary period,the Communist Party advanced a vigorous peasant movement in Guangdong,a peasant movement based on Marxist theory,on the basis of the theory and practical experience initially developed in the practice of the peasant movement by the early Communists,and in the context of the Nationalist-Communist cooperation.The peasant movement advanced by the Communists in this specific context of time and space has important research value and realistic insights.An in-depth analysis of this history can both advance the study of Party history and provide important insights for today’s socialist rural construction.From 1924 to 1927,Guangdong Province was in the stage of transition from fragmentation to unification,and the peasant movement led by the Communist Party also spread from some cities and counties to the whole of Guangdong in the course of concrete struggle practice,achieving a vigorous development of the peasant movement and making Guangdong’s peasant movement at the forefront of the country.Against the background of the Kuomintang Cooperation,the Communist Party promoted,participated in and led the peasant movement of the Kuomintang.Under the promotion of the Communist Party,the Kuomintang’s understanding of the peasant issue changed significantly,the Communist Party participated in the formulation of the Kuomintang’s peasant policies,helped the Kuomintang improve the organizational structure for promoting the peasant movement and participated in these organizational structures,prepared the conditions for promoting the peasant work of the Kuomintang,and by leading the Central Peasant Department of the Kuomintang and the Peasant Movement Seminar Center,the Communist Party rapidly advanced the peasant movement in Guangdong.In order to motivate the peasants and promote the development of the peasant movement,the Communist Party launched multi-faceted propaganda for the peasants,which was close to the peasants and their lives,as well as to the direction of the revolution,and played an important role in the participation of the peasants in the revolutionary movement.The Communist Party organized and led peasant associations to fight for the political and economic interests of the peasants,and at the same time,peasant associations participated in rural construction to advance the realization of peasant demands and interests.In addition,the peasant armies established in the countryside under the leadership of the Communist Party played an important role in defending the interests of the peasants,consolidating and unifying Guangdong,and supporting the workers’ movement.The land movement was an important element of the peasant movement led by the Communist Party.The peasant movement in Guangdong led by the Communist Party during the National Revolution began to involve the land issue,and although the debate within the Communist Party at this time was at the stage of debating whether to carry out an agrarian revolution in the countryside,it had already carried out public opinion propaganda for the agrarian revolution,put forward ideas and strategies for solving the peasant land issue,carried out some agrarian campaigns,and made a Theoretical and practical approaches to solving the rural land problem have been explored.Through these practical activities,the peasant movement gradually penetrated into the whole province of Guangdong and the power of the Communist Party penetrated into all parts of the countryside.During the National Revolutionary period,the Communist Party also suffered great setbacks in leading the peasant movement in Guangdong.The right wing of the Kuomintang consistently and openly opposed the peasant movement,and the landlords and gentry with vested interests in the countryside sabotaged,suppressed and cracked down on the peasant movement,and even greater sabotage came from the coalition of the right wing of the Kuomintang and local power groups,and the multi-county militia groups jointly suppressed the peasant associations and peasants.The sabotage by hostile forces resulted in the massacre of peasant movement cadres and peasants,the destruction of peasant unions,and a great setback for the peasant movement.After Chiang Kai-shek’s coup,the peasant movement in Guangdong was devastated by the joint massacre of the Kuomintang,militia groups and local inferior gentry.From 1924 to April 1927,the peasant movement led by the Communist Party in Guangdong made initial explorations on the Workers’ League Army,peasant armies,revolutionary leadership and the land issue,which provided important theoretical and practical explorations for the revolution led by the Communists afterwards,and was also of great significance in advancing the process of the National Revolution,promoting the liberation of Guangdong,and laying the foundation of the Guangdong Revolution.It also laid a good mass and organizational foundation for the Communist Party to lead the peasant revolution in Guangdong.The process of the Communist Party’s leadership of the peasant movement in Guangdong is an important inspiration for the construction of the countryside today.