Research On Credit Comprehensive Evaluation Of Small And Micro Enterprises

Information barriers between banks and enterprises has been the cause of small micro enterprise financing difficulties,financing the root cause of expensive.Therefore,to explore and create a set of accord with the characteristics of small micro enterprise credit evaluation index system,to find suitable credit evaluation model,is a breakthrough the bottleneck of asymmetric information between banks and enterprises and the effective measures to alleviate the pressure of the small micro enterprise financing and way,This is also the key point of this paper.In this paper,the concepts related to small and micro enterprises,credit evaluation and existing research literature are sorted out and summarized.By referring to domestic and foreign research results and combining with the characteristics of small and micro enterprises,selection of industrial and commercial registration information,judicial disputes risk,operating risk,growth and innovation ability of four basic information and industry development prospects,macroeconomic level,policy environment of three public information as the basics of the influence of the small micro enterprise credit evaluation,will focus on the production and business operation activities of the dynamic transaction flow information into the credit evaluation system.Design a comprehensive credit evaluation model suitable for small and micro enterprise,mainly including: credit evaluation based on static information,the principles of Theil index to determine evaluation index in the AHP method of subjective empowerment and EM method objective of minimizing the deviation under empowerment combination weights,get small micro enterprise by multi-level fuzzy comprehensive operation under the multiple evaluation factors and evaluation indexes of static credit scores;Based on the dynamic information credit evaluation,the dynamic transaction data is standardized by the global improved normalization method,and the dynamic credit score of small and micro enterprises is obtained from three aspects: index weight under EM method,reward and punishment factors reflecting the development trend of enterprises,and time weight based on the maximum entropy principle.Finally,the comprehensive credit score and credit rating of small and micro enterprises are obtained by integrating dynamic and static evaluation results.The present situation of 1347 small and micro enterprises from different industries and regions is described and analyzed.It is found that 83.2% of small and micro enterprises are concentrated in accommodation and catering industry,wholesale and retail,leasing and business services,and the types are mainly private owned enterprises and limited liability companies.In addition,the proportion of small and micro enterprises in East China was 56.27 percent,with Shanghai topping the list,followed by Jiangsu,Anhui and Shandong provinces.From the perspective of total transaction amount,there are significant differences in transaction flow amount of small and micro enterprises in different industries and regions.From the overall fluctuation trend,the average receivables are higher at the end of the year and during the National Day holidays.The results show that the average and median comprehensive credit scores of these 1347 small and micro enterprises are 50.40 and 44.23,which are higher than the average and median of Tianyan credit scores of 41.92 and 44.However,the coefficient of variation(58.37%)was lower than that of Visualize score(63.43%).According to the results of credit rating,the proportion of small and micro enterprises with B or above is 67.19%.Spearman rank correlation coefficient test shows that the correlation between static credit score and Tianyan score is the highest,followed by comprehensive credit score and dynamic credit score.The above comparative analysis not only verifies the reliability,operability and effectiveness of the credit evaluation system and comprehensive evaluation model used in this paper,but also provides a new idea for the study of small and micro enterprises information asymmetry,single evaluation method and evaluation results lag.