Study On The Impact Of Aging Labor On The Efficiency Of Food Production

At present,the international situation is complex and changeable,and it is necessary to ensure food security and keep the "rice bowl" of The Chinese people firmly in their hands,so it is particularly important to improve the efficiency of food production.However,in recent years,China’s low birth rate,low death rate and the acceleration of urbanization process have caused the aging of rural labor force to become more serious,young and middle-aged people to "non-agricultural" transfer,then the arable land "who will grow,who will take care of",there is no doubt that the elderly population left behind in the village become the labor force to grow food.The physical strength and health level of the elderly labor force is not as good as that of the young and the middle-aged,and agricultural production needs a lot of physical labor,so will aging have a negative impact on the efficiency of food production?With the improvement of agricultural modernization,the use of agricultural machinery liberates labor,and intensive and large-scale operation is conducive to improving grain production efficiency.Will agricultural mechanization play a moderating role in the impact of aging on grain production efficiency?Based on this,the following contents are studied in this paper :(1)By referring to relevant literature,the previous scholars’ studies and relevant theories are understood,and the theoretical basis of the impact of aging labor force on grain production efficiency and the influence mechanism of agricultural mechanization regulation are analyzed,so as to build a logical framework and clarify the internal relations.(2)Descriptive statistical method was used to analyze sample data,aging status and main variables.(3)Measure grain production efficiency based on stochastic frontier production function model by using the data of the2018 China Labor Dynamics Survey published by Sun Yat-sen University.(4)On the basis of theoretical analysis and basic status quo analysis,this paper empirically examines the impact of aging labor force on grain production efficiency based on grain production efficiency measured by stochastic frontier production function model with 1598 peasant households nationwide.Further explore the moderating effect of agricultural mechanization on the impact of aging labor force on grain production efficiency,and the robustness test.The empirical results show that(1)Aging of labor force inhibits the improvement of grain production efficiency;(2)Agricultural mechanization alleviates the inhibition of aging labor force on grain production efficiency;(3)Other influencing factors showed that the number of household labor force and grain subsidy inhibited the improvement of grain production efficiency;Irrigation rate of cultivated land,average years of family education,proportion of grain income,topography and main grain producing areas promote the improvement of grain production efficiency.The degree of information reception has no significant effect on grain production efficiency.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper suggests that :(1)The government should improve the basic living security,reduce the living burden,and improve the health level of the elderly population;(2)We should improve the level of mechanization,strengthen the promotion of agricultural socialization services,set up agricultural machinery purchase subsidies for the elderly labor force,research and develop new and easy to operate agricultural machinery for the elderly labor force,promote their use of agricultural machinery to make up for the negative impact caused by the aging of labor force;(3)Strengthen human capital investment in agricultural labor force,improve basic education,and strengthen skills training for elderly workers to improve their own quality;(4)Strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction,good irrigation conditions are conducive to the improvement of grain production efficiency,to ensure grain production;(5)Appropriate grain subsidies will increase farmers’ attention to grain production and promote farmers’ enthusiasm for planting.