Research On Hedong Area And Shatuo Force In The Late Tang Dynasty And The Five Dynasties

Shatuo is a nomadic people from a tribe in Turkic peoples.During the period of Emperor Xianzong of Tang,the tribes of Shatuo began to move inland to Central Plain.After moving inland,the tribes of Shatuo gradually developed their own power in Daibei area and formed “Daibei Group”.At the end of the Tang dynasty,Shatuo Army became the vanguard force to save the Tang dynasty,and the Shatuo tribe occupied an important position in the history because of the establishment of four regimes in the Five Dynasties and ten states.As an important region in Tang dynasty,Hedong area’s geographical and economic advantages provided a solid foundation for the Tang Dynasty and the later Shatuo forces in Hedong area.The role of the Hedong region in the early and middle period of the Tang dynasty was to defend the external enemies,and the An Lushan Rebellion became the key battlefield.Later,the role of the Hedong region changed to resist the internal Fanzhen rebellion.At the end of the Tang dynasty,when the whole world was in chaos and all kinds of insurrections and wars were going on,it was at this time that the Hedong fan town gradually broke away from the control of the central government of the Tang Dynasty and developed its own power.At this time,Shatuo was also noticed by the Tang dynasty.But it was not trusted at first,and the Tang Dynasty even fought several wars with Shatuo,until the Tang dynasty had to rely on Shatuo to suppress peasant uprisings,especially after the Huang Chao Uprising,shatuo succeeded in winning the dominant position of Hedong fan town.After Li Keyong took office as the governor of Hedong,he began to give priority to Shatuo,for the development of Hedong forces.When the Tang dynasty was about to fall,the Shatuo East Forces,led by Li Keyong,began to confront the Houliang group,led by Emperor Taizu of Later Liang.After Li Keyong’s death,Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang finally defeated the Later Liang dynasty regime by military victory and established the post Tang dynasty.But it wasn’t long before Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang’s reign was overthrown a few years later by Emperor Gaozu of Later Jin,Emperor Gaozu of Later Han,Liu Min,and others.This series of regime change can not be separated from the support of resources in Hedong area and the help of Shatuo’s long-term influence in Hedong area.In the process of establishing the political power,the Shatuo tribes also influenced the Society of the Hedong region.Not only did they successfully establish four political powers in the Hedong region,but also after they moved to the Hedong region,the living habits of the nomadic people have influenced the living customs of the Han people in Hedong area.Has driven the development of animal husbandry in the east of the river,and the customs and customs of the east of the river have become more militaristic with the long-term settlement of Shatuo.Shatuo also began the process of sinicization under the influence of the Han culture in Hedong area.Led by the Shatuo aristocracy,he began to intermarry with the Han Chinese,and absorbed competent generals and Han intellectuals to enrich his bureaucracy.The Shatuo aristocracy also extended their influence by adopting adopted sons,who played an important role in the establishment of the Shatuo government.After the establishment of the dynasty,Shatuo also chose to rule the country by Han rituals,so that he did not face much resistance after he took over Central Plain.After the fall of Shatuo dynasty,its adherents flowed into song,Liao,Jin,Xixia and other dynasties.In the process of establishing the political power in Shatuo to rule Central Plain,it gradually merged with the Han "ethnic group,and finally promoted the process of ethnic fusion in the late Tang dynasty and the Five Dynasties.