Historical Investigation On The Modernization Of National Defense Industry Led By The Communist Party Of China(1949—1966)

The Communist Party of China is a political party developed in the revolution.At that time,the situation at home and abroad made the Communist Party of China attach great importance to the construction of China’s national defense industry since its inception.The thought of national defense industry construction in China has come down in one continuous line since ancient times,focusing on defense and seeking unity.At the beginning of the founding of new China,China’s unified political power was threatened by the military and economy of counter revolutionary organizations,and the foundation of national defense industry left during the revolutionary war was weak.In the 1950 s,under the international background of the cold war,China invested in the socialist camp on one side,and the construction of China’s national defense industry developed rapidly with the industrial assistance of the Soviet Union to China.The Soviet Union provided financial and technical assistance to China,which promoted the formation of the prototype of China’s national defense industry system.In the process of national defense industry construction in China,we cannot do without the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the Communist Party of China provides the top-level design and institutional guarantee for the modernization of national defense industry,including the implementation of the national strategy of giving priority to the development of heavy industry,the highly centralized planned economy system,etc.The Communist Party of China established the national defense industry management system to better promote the modernization of China’s national defense industry.From the early days of the founding of new China to the mid-1960 s,China’s national defense industry has gradually moved from technology introduction to self-reliance.The Communist Party of China has gradually improved the leadership system for the defense industry,harnessed its socialist advantages and coordinated the development of the national defense industry.The period of the first Five-Year Plan,which focused on the introduction of156 projects from the Soviet Union,was the foundation period of China’s national defense industry.The "156" projects assisted by the Soviet Union and 44 projects assisted by China’s national defense industry.The national defense industry built by the Soviet Union and developed by China itself has changed and developed to a certain extent both in technological and spatial layout.From the perspective of technological evolution of China’s national defense industry,the capital investment of national defense industry has brought technological progress,from the development of military industry to the combination of military and civilian,the manufacture of conventional weapons of sea,land and air force to the self-reliance development of national defense cutting-edge science and technology industry.China’s navy and air force have developed from scratch,and a relatively complete weapon research system in the army has initially taken shape.The successful development of "two bombs and one satellite" is the collective research of tens of thousands of scientists and the strong overall coordination ability of China’s socialist system.From the perspective of spatial layout,China’s national defense industry has gradually developed to the mainland.During the "first five year plan" period,considering the imbalance between the development of coastal and mainland national defense industry,a considerable part of China’s national defense industry projects were built in the mainland during this period.In the mid-1960 s,China’s economy further improved.Mao Zedong believed that the country was seriously threatened by war.Out of consideration of war preparation,he decided to develop the third line construction and small third line construction,and further develop the spatial layout of China’s national defense industry in depth.The modernization of national defense industry is an important part of national defense modernization,especially the cutting-edge science and technology of national defense.It is a symbol of the status of a big country and the guarantee of national security and development.The essence of capitalist expansion has not changed.Studying the modernization of national defense industry in the early days of the founding of new China will provide historical reference for today’s modernization of national defense industry.