Research On Secondary Education In Henan Province Under The Rule Of The Nationalist Government During The Anti-Japanese War

After the outbreak of the Sino Japanese War,the population,property,culture and education in Henan Province were destroyed by Japanese fascists.With the continuous expansion of the enemy occupied areas in Henan Province,the school buildings,equipment,books and materials of secondary education institutions in Henan Province had been seriously damaged.At the same time,the Japanese puppets carried out enslavement education in the enemy occupied areas in an attempt to corrupt and control the thoughts of young students and serve their war purpose of "completely destroying China".At the critical moment of life and death,the education authorities of the national government took a series of emergency measures.In order to preserve the strength of secondary education,Henan Provincial Department of Education organized secondary schools to move to the rear safety zone.At the same time,national Henan middle school,national No.1 middle school,war zone middle school and United middle school were established to accommodate students from enemy occupied areas.The educational system and distribution of middle schools were adjusted.The self-study regulations and curriculum revision plan of middle schools were formulated.The loan and public fee system was implemented to adapt to the development of secondary education in wartime need.After the guidance and support,Henan secondary education has won a glimmer of vitality in the war,and presents a tortuous development trend.Among them,due to the timely relocation of Henan Provincial middle schools,not only the total number of schools is equal to that before the war,but also the scale of schools has been expanded.The theater middle school,the United middle school and the national No.1 middle school,which were used to accommodate the students who were out of school in the war zone,also showed a trend of stable development on the whole because of the sufficient source of students.Relatively speaking,county middle schools and private middle schools were greatly affected by the war.Most of them were closed down or dissolved on the spot or forced to merge due to economic difficulties.As far as secondary normal education was concerned,in addition to the preservation of the Provincial Normal Schools moved in,district joint normal schools and simple normal schools were in a declining trend on the whole.In terms of secondary vocational education,because of the stable environment before the war,the development of secondary vocational education was in the germination stage.During the war,although the Department of education of Henan Province also issued a series of supporting policies,due to the destruction of the war and the dual impact of natural disasters,the vitality of vocational education was greatly damaged and gradually declined,which did not achieve the expected goal of saving the country through industry.War is different from peacetime.The development of secondary education in Henan during wartime not only had the normal of peacetime secondary education,but also had obvious wartime characteristics.It developed tenaciously under the duress of the times and the turbulence of the war.It also preserved the lifeline of Henan’s secondary education,and contributed to the development of all kinds of school education in Henan;A large number of exiled teachers and students were rescued and the vital force of the nation was preserved;A large number of Anti Japanese War talents were trained,and the publicity of Anti Japanese public opinion was expanded,and made certain historical contributions to the victory of the war and the recovery and development of Henan Province after the war.