| Socialist consultative democracy is a unique form and unique advantage of China’s socialist democratic politics.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s "Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Socialist Consultative Democracy"(2015)classifies China’s deliberative democracy based on the main body of consultations,and clarifies political party consultation,people’s congress consultation,government consultation,CPPCC consultation,people’s group consultation,and grassroots Seven forms of consultation and social organization consultation.Among them,government negotiation is a new expression,which has given new connotation to the democratic form of negotiation with the government as the main body of negotiation after the founding of New China.Since the founding of new China,the actions of our government have been strongly negotiated.Mao Zedong proposed that the government "consult with the people" and"consult the government".The May 4th Constitution stipulates that local governments at all levels adopt the people ’s committee system,which means collective decision-making.Article 27 of the "82 Constitution" stipulates: "All state organs and state personnel must rely on the support of the people,always maintain close contact with the people,listen to the opinions and suggestions of the people,accept the supervision of the people,and strive to serve the people This provision constitutes the basic basis for advancing government consultation in the era of reform and opening up,and urges the government to carry out extensive consultations throughout the society to improve the country ’s governance and focus on the major issues of economic and social development and the practical issues involving the vital interests of the masses.The transparency of decision-making and the extensiveness of participation improve administrative efficiency,enhance service efficiency,and improve the modernization of government governance.It should be said that China’s government consultation has rich political practice,but because there is no subdivision of the type of negotiation democracy in the past theoretical research,the government consultation theory research has lagged behind government consultation practice.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the types of consultation democracy have made the form of government consultation clear,and the theoretical research on government consultation has the potential to be further deepened.Therefore,this article attempts to make a preliminary systematic review of the practice of government democratic consultation in China from a general perspective,sum up its practical experience,and give a typed analysis framework.Based on this framework,we discuss the shortcomings of the current development of government consultation in China And put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on how to promote the consultation of our government in the future.First,from the perspective of normative analysis,the basic theory of government consultation is analyzed.From the perspective of the classification and comparison of deliberative democracy,the concept of government consultation is defined.Government consultation focuses on the specific policy formulation and implementation stage,which is the specificization of the political program proposed by the political party consultation,and is also the economy proposed by the CPPCC consultation.A response to social issues has become an important link between the consultations between political parties and the CPPCC.On this basis,the main body,scope,and characteristics of government consultation are theoretically sorted out.Secondly,from the perspective of historical analysis,it divides the development of government consultation in China in stages,clarifies the development context,especially the trend since the 18 th National Party Congress,and actively explores the historical development and operation of government consultation.Provide references for improving and using it in the process of political development.Thirdly,from the perspective of empirical analysis,a typological analysis of the practice of government consultation is made,four types of government consultation models are proposed,the development achievements of government consultation are analyzed,and related issues are put forward.Finally,from the perspective of policy analysis,corresponding countermeasures are proposed for the improvement of government consultation in China in order to promote the theoretical improvement and practical development of government consultation. |
