Study On “Biaoshi” Verbs Based On The Model Of Extended Units Of Meaning

The model of Extended Units of Meaning(EUM model)is a language description model based on co-selection theory.This model emphasizes the co-selection relationship between vocabulary and vocabulary,vocabulary and grammar,pattern and meaning.It can not only explore the lexical collocation of native language and interlanguage,but also contribute to the vocabulary teaching and the compilation of foreign-oriented Chinese learning dictionaries.At present,the domestic research on collocation mainly focuses on semantic prosody,and the extended meaning unit model is less used to describe the meaning of words dynamically.This paper elects four confusing words of“biaoshi(表示)”“biaoming(表明)”“biaoxian(表现)”and“biaoda(表达)”as the research object.Based on the EUM model,combined with corpus linguistics,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the collocation,colligation,semantic preferences and semantic prosody of“biaoshi”verbs between Chinese native speakers and learners who regard Chinese as a second language.Finally,the statistical analysis of the errors of second language learners is carried out to provide teaching suggestions for teachers of Chinese as a foreign language and writing suggestions for foreign-oriented Chinese learning dictionaries from the perspective of collocation.The study has found that:first,the results of the analysis of extended meaning units between“biaoshi”verbs in the native corpus are different from each other.Secondly,there are differences in typical collocations,colligations and semantic tendencies of“biaoshi”verbs in different registers,but semantic prosody contains positive colors,which can be summarized as[positive:emotion and psychological activities].The details are as follows:the semantic prosody of“biaoshi”is[positive:emotion and psychological activities];the semantic prosody of“biaoming”is[neutral:fact or opinion attitude];the semantic prosody of“biaoxian”is[positive:thoughts and feelings(partial spirit)];the semantic prosody of“biaoda”is[positive:thoughts and feelings(partial feelings)].Third,the use of’biaoshi’verbs by learners who learn Chinese as a foreign language and native speakers is generally consistent,but the number of typical collocations and colligations of second language learners is small,the usage is relatively simple,and the semantic prosody is stronger than that of native speakers.Fourth,the main types of errors of second language learners are misuse,lack of collocation items,wrong addition of collocation items,improper use of colligation and incomplete components.In summary,this paper serves the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language,and provides the following teaching suggestions for TCFL teachers: using corpus to assist teaching;pay attention to the errors of second language learners;pay attention to word collocation knowledge;intensive practice,step by step;consider that the Foreign-oriented Chinese learning dictionary is an important tool for second language learners to acquire words at the same time.Based on the EUM model,this paper examines the compilation of the definition,examples and confusing word discrimination of “ biaoshi ” verbs in three Foreign-oriented Chinese learner’s dictionaries.It is found that the some disadvantages exist in the three dictionaries: collocations are not typical,the proportion of colligation is unbalanced,and they are lack of pertinence.Accordingly,this paper puts forward four suggestions for the compilation of foreign-oriented Chinese learner ’s dictionaries,and tries to write “ biaoshi ” as an example by combining the previous research results of “ biaoshi ” verbs.