Study On The Lead-Glazed Pottery From The Tang Dynasty In North China

The capitals Chang’an and Luo yang of the Tang Dynasty was the aera with the largest number of the three-colored pottery unearthed.With the continuous accumulation of archaeological materials,there are also a certain number of the lead-glazed pottery outside the capitals Chang’an and Luo yang of the Tang Dynasty.This kind of the lead-glazed pottery is mainly decorated with monochrome and bicolor glazes,the unearthed sites are concentrated in the present-day North China.As an extraterritorial area adjacent to the political,economic and cultural center of the Tang Dynast,the region has distinct geographical characteristics.The southern part is adjacent to the important glazed pottery kilns of the Tang Dynasty—Gongyi kiln in Henan Province.The region includes Xing kiln,Ding kiln,Jingxing kiln,Hunyuan kiln,Zezhou kiln and other kilns that also produce the lead-glazed pottery.The lead-glazed pottery unearthed in this area has obvious independence and blending attributes.The lead-glazed pottery unearthed from Tang tombs in North China is taken as the research object,by grasping the uniqueness of glazed pottery in the North China region,it is of great significance to explore the distribution and use patterns of the lead-glazed pottery inside and outside the North China region in the Tang Dynasty.In the study of ceramic,object classification is the basic work.The glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty unearthed in North China can be divided into three categories,namely,pagodashaped jars,vessels and model figurines.Based on this,it can be concluded that the lead-glazed pottery unearthed in North China of the Tang Dynasty is divided into four periods.The first period was the development period from the beginning of the 7th century to the end of the 7th century,including bowls,flat pots,shaped cups and other early vessels.The second period is the prosperous period from the end of the 7th century to the middle of the 8th century,typical objects such as three-legged furnaces appeared in large numbers,and model figurines began to appear.The third period is the transition period from the middle of the 8th century to the beginning of the 9th.The three-legged furnaces and figurines unearthed in the early stage mostly disappeared,and the lead-glazed pagoda-shaped jars began to appear.The fourth period is the desalination period from the beginning of the 9th to the beginning of the 10 th century,the lead-glazed pagoda-shaped jars,long neck bottles and other utensils was group unearthed.In the study of the partition,the pagoda-shaped jars are concentrated in Yuxian,Beijing,Baoding,Jingxing,Xingtai,and the distribution range is wide.The vessels are unearthed in all the areas,and the model figurines are concentrated in Shanxi and Shandong.In terms of kiln,the leadglazed pottery unearthed from Tang tombs in North China is mainly Gongyi Huangye kiln products.The local kilns such as Xing kiln,Jingxing kiln and Ding kiln and their surrounding glazed pottery show obvious characteristics of regional concentration of kiln product.The lead-glazed pottery is significantly different from contemporary porcelain in terms of type and decoration of the glazed.The color attribute of glaze decoration is strong,especially the lead-glazed pottery which have the blue-glazed is the most prominent.It is concluded that the blue-glazed pottery mainly exist in figurines and vessel pottery,the figurines and vessel pottery is its main carrier of expression.Application scope of the blue-glazed figurines is concentrated in the Chang’an and Luo yang of the Tang Dynasty,closely related to the painted figurines of the same period.The application scope of the blue-glazed vessel reflects the communication mode centered on the two capitals of the Tang Dynasty.The social funeral needs reflected by them are integrated into the application scope of the blue-glazed pottery,which reflects the funeral needs or use of the lead-glazed pottery in the Tang Dynasty.