Research On Dialogical Question-and-answer Style In Pre-qin Prose Candidate: Fang Zhihao

From the oracle bones of the Shang Dynasty to the “fu-like prose”at the end of the Warring States period,question-and-answer has always been the most commonly used form of prose in the pre-Qin period.However,with the development of time,the forms of oracle bone inscriptions and the question-and-answer works of the late Warring States period have changed completely.Starting from the change of the structure of the question-answering,this paper deconstructs the six characteristics of the question-answering in different periods to clarify the development process from the oracle bone inscriptions to the Bu Ju.The whole thesis consists of eight parts:introduction,text and conclusion.The introduction briefly explains the definition and research scope of questionand-answer in this paper,and then introduces the research status in two parts: tracing and development.Finally,the innovation and differences of this paper are pointed out,that is,the development of question-and-answer structure itself is analyzed in detail.Since the academic circles have different titles and definitions for question-andanswer works,the first chapter,based on the collection standards for question-andanswer works of the past dynasties,again explains the question-and-answer body in a broad sense in detail,and defines the differences between question-and-answer and quotations,dialogues,questions and rhetorical questions.The second chapter analyzes the characteristics of the question and answer in the Oracle bone inscriptions,mainly points out its various forms of question and answer,and reveals that the technique of "Dui Zhen" in the inscriptions has a direct influence on Qu Yuan’s Bu Ju.The third chapter mainly deals with Shang Shu,Yi Zhou Shu and Guo Yu,and discusses the three new changes of the structure of question and answer in ancient history.First of all,the system of "asking simple questions and answering complex ones" appeared in Shang Shu,which was conducive to highlighting the answers.Secondly,Yi Zhou Shu established the " three-paragraph style ",combining words and events.Thirdly,the rise of a large number of "repeated questions and answers" in Mandarin makes the questions and answers reciprocating and full of debate.The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the two new features of the question-andanswer in the Warring States period--layout and virtual.In this paper,Zhan Guo Ce is the main part of the layout,and the innovation of "multilevel layout" is analyzed.The discussion of virtual is divided into three sections.Firstly,several virtual types of Zhuang Zi are counted and discussed.Then,it explores the evolution of the virtual system of "assuming the guest is difficult",and finds out that "the guest" was originally used in the military,and "the guest" refers to the student,which comes from Zhuang Zi·Yu Fu at first.Finally,taking Zhan Guo Ce and other articles as an example,this paper discusses this kind of fictitious system that asks questions by historical figures.The fifth chapter,from the point of view of using rhymes,focuses on the reasons why the question style is the main force of the prose of the pre-Qin Dynasty.First of all,it points out Liu Xie’s mistake of treating Asking the King of Chu as the beginning of "Dui Wen Ti",whose initial works were Bu Ju and Yu Fu.Furthermore,it lists the basis that Bu Ju and Yu Fu can be used for the study of prose,and comprehensively analyzes the system of their combination of question-and-answer style and phonology.Finally,it is concluded that Bu Ju and Yu Fu are the integrators in the development of pre-Qin prose.The first five chapters aim to describe the evolution of the structure of the prose in the pre-Qin Dynasty.The sixth chapter tells the reasons for the evolution of the prose and the new changes of the prose in the Han Dynasty.The question-answering style of the Pre-Qin Dynasty developed with the development of times.In the Shang Dynasty,divination was used to solve misgivings,while in the Western Zhou Dynasty,sarcastic remonstrance was used to illustrate moral behavior.This change made the questionanswering style have such structures as "asking simple questions and answering complex ones","three-paragraph style" and "repeated questions and answers".From the fall of the imperial officials in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the contention of a hundred schools of thought,the question-and-answer style has been integrated into the characteristics of "virtual","multi-level layout","rhyme" and so on.In the Han Dynasty,the Gong Yang Zhuan,Gu Liang Zhuan and other question-and-answer styles emerged,which was a significant development of the pre-Qin tradition of question-and-answer and reconciliation.In the Han Fu,the question-and-answer style has also changed in two aspects: the absence of the "three-paragraph style" and the exchange between the host and the guest.Finally,the conclusion of the paper summarizes the key contents of the full text,and puts forward the prospect of proofreading the literature with the feature of questionand-answer structure.